I-Zirconium (IV) chloride, obeye aziwe njengoi-zirconium tetrachloride,inefomula yamangqamuzanaZrCl4kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana angu-233.04.Ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa njengama-reagents okuhlaziya, ama-organic synthesis catalysts, ama-ejenti angangenisi amanzi, ama-ejenti okushuka.
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Izakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali
1. Umlingiswa: Ikristalu emhlophe ecwebezelayo noma impushana, idleka kalula.
2. Iphuzu elincibilikayo (℃): 437 (2533.3kPa)
3. Iphuzu elibilayo (℃): 331 (i-sublimation)
4. Ukuminyana okuhlobene (amanzi=1): 2.80
5. Umfutho womhwamuko ogcwele (kPa): 0.13 (190 ℃)
6. Ingcindezi ebucayi (MPa): 5.77
7. Ukunyibilika: Incibilika emanzini abandayo, i-ethanol, ne-ether, engancibiliki ku-benzene, carbon tetrachloride, ne-carbon disulfide.
Kulula ukumunca umswakama nomswakama, i-hydrolyzed ibe yi-hydrogen chloride ne-zirconium oxychloride emoyeni oswakeme noma isixazululo esinamanzi, i-equation imi kanje:ZrCl4+H2O─→ZrOCl2+2HCl
Ukuzinza
1. Ukuzinza: Izinzile
2. Izinto ezingavunyelwe: amanzi, ama-amine, utshwala, ama-asidi, ama-ester, ama-ketone
3. Izimo zokugwema ukuthintana: umoya oswakeme
4. Ingozi yokwenza i-Polymerization: i-non polymerization
5. Umkhiqizo wokubola: i-chloride
Isicelo
(1) Isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-zirconium yensimbi, i-pigments, i-textile waterproofing ejenti, ama-ejenti okushuka kwesikhumba, njll.
(2) Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-zirconium compounds kanye ne-organic metal organic compounds, ingasetshenziswa njenge-solvent kanye ne-ejenti yokuhlanza yensimbi ye-magnesium encibilikisiwe, nemiphumela yokukhipha insimbi ne-silicon.
Indlela yokuhlanganisa
Kala i-zirconia ne-calcined carbon black ngokusho kwesilinganiso se-molar yokulinganisa, hlanganisa ngokulinganayo bese uwabeka esikebheni se-porcelain.Faka isikebhe se-porcelain eshubhuni le-porcelain bese usishisa ku-500 ℃ emfudlaneni wegesi ye-chlorine ukuze kubalwe.Qoqa umkhiqizo usebenzisa isicupho ekamelweni lokushisa.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuncishiswa kwe-zirconium tetrachloride ku-331 ℃, ishubhu elide elingu-600mm lingasetshenziswa ukuze liphinde libe ngaphansi kwegesi ye-hydrogen ku-300-350 ℃ ukuze kukhishwe ama-oxide ne-ferric chloridei-zirconium chloride.
Umthelela endaweni
Izingozi zempilo
Umzila wokuhlasela: ukuhogela, ukungenwa, ukuthintana kwesikhumba.
Ingozi yezempilo: Ukuhogela kungabangela ukucasuka kokuphefumula, ungagwinyi.Inokucasuka okunamandla futhi ingabangela ukusha kwesikhumba nokulimala kwamehlo.Ukuphuza ngomlomo kungase kubangele ukuzwa okushisayo emlonyeni nasemphinjeni, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, indle enamanzi, indle enegazi, ukubhidlika, nokudlikiza.
Imiphumela engapheli: Ibangela i-granuloma yesikhumba.Ukucasuka okuncane emgudwini wokuphefumula.
I-Toxicology kanye Nemvelo
Ubuthi obunamandla: LD501688mg/kg (ukuphathwa ngomlomo kumagundane);665mg/kg (igundane ngomlomo)
Izici eziyingozi: Uma ifakwe ekushiseni noma emanzini, iyabola futhi ikhiphe ukushisa, ikhiphe intuthu enobuthi negqwalayo.
Umkhiqizo ovuthayo (ukubola): i-hydrogen chloride.
Indlela yokuqapha ilabhorethri: I-Plasma spectroscopy (indlela ye-NIOSH 7300)
Ukulinganisa emoyeni: Isampula iqoqwa kusetshenziswa isihlungi, sincibilikiswe nge-asidi, bese ikalwa kusetshenziswa i-spectroscopy yokumuncwa kwe-athomu.
Amazinga emvelo: Ukuphepha Komsebenzi Nokuphathwa Kwezempilo (1974), Isikhathi Somoya Esinesisindo Esimaphakathi sesi-5.
Ukuvuza kwezimo eziphuthumayo
Hlukanisa indawo engcolile ngokuvuza bese umisa izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezizungezile.Kutuswa ukuthi abasebenzi bezimo eziphuthumayo bagqoke izifihla-buso zegesi kanye nezimpahla zokuvikela amakhemikhali.Ungathintani ngqo nezinto ezivuzayo, gwema uthuli, ushanele ngokucophelela, lungisa isixazululo samanzi angaba ngu-5% noma i-asidi, kancane kancane wengeze amanzi e-ammonia ahlanjululwe kuze kube yilapho kunemvula, bese uyilahla.Ungakwazi futhi ukugeza ngamanzi amaningi, bese uhlanza amanzi okugeza ohlelweni lwamanzi angcolile.Uma kukhona inani elikhulu lokuvuza, lisuse ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe.Indlela yokulahla imfucuza: Hlanganisa imfucuza ne-sodium bicarbonate, fafaza ngamanzi e-ammonia, bese wengeza iqhwa elichotshoziwe.Ngemuva kokuyeka ukusabela, hlambulula ngamanzi ku-sewer.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula: Uma kuvezwe othulini, imaski yegesi kufanele igqokwe.Gqoka isisetshenziswa sokuphefumula esizibambele lapho kudingeka.
Ukuvikela iso: Gqoka izibuko zokuphepha zamakhemikhali.
Izingubo zokuzivikela: Gqoka izingubo zokusebenza (ezenziwe ngezinto ezivimbela ukugqwala).
Ukuvikela isandla: Gqoka amagilavu erabha.
Okunye : Uma uphuma emsebenzini uyogeza ushintshe nezimpahla.Gcina izingubo ezingcoliswe ubuthi ngokwehlukana bese uzisebenzisa kabusha ngemva kokuwashwa.Gcina imikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko.
Izinyathelo zosizo lokuqala
Ukuthinta isikhumba: Hlanza ngokushesha ngamanzi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.Uma kunokusha, funa ukwelashwa.
Ukuthintana kwamehlo: Phakamisa ngokushesha amajwabu amehlo bese uwageza ngamanzi agelezayo noma usawoti womzimba okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.
Ukuhogela: Khipha ngokushesha endaweni yesigameko uye endaweni enomoya omusha.Gcina umgudu wokuphefumula ongenazihibe.Yenza ukuphefumula okwenziwa uma kunesidingo.Funa usizo lwezokwelapha.
Ukungenisa: Lapho isiguli sivukile, hashaza umlomo waso ngokushesha, ungabangeli ukuhlanza, futhi uphuze ubisi noma okumhlophe kweqanda.Funa usizo lwezokwelapha.
Indlela yokucima umlilo: igwebu, i-carbon dioxide, isihlabathi, impushana eyomile.
Ukuhlela Indlela Yesitoreji
Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile, futhi enomoya omuhle.Gwema izinhlansi nemithombo yokushisa.Iphakheji kufanele ivalwe futhi ivikelwe emswakama.Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana nama-asidi, ama-amine, utshwala, ama-ester, njll., futhi igweme ukuhlanganisa isitoreji.Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe izinto ezifanele ukuqukatha ukuvuza.
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwedatha Ye-Computational Chemistry
1. Inani eliyisethenjwa lesibalo sepharamitha ye-hydrophobic (XlogP): Akukho
2. Inani labanikeli bebhondi ye-hydrogen: 0
3. Inombolo yama-hydrogen bond receptors: 0
4. Inombolo yamabhondi amakhemikhali ashintshayo: 0
5. Inombolo yama-tautomer: Akukho
6. Indawo ye-molecule ye-topological polarity: 0
7. Inani lama-athomu asindayo: 5
8. Ukushaja okungaphezulu: 0
9. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi: 19.1
10. Inombolo yama-athomu e-Isotope: 0
11. Thola inani lezikhungo zesakhiwo se-athomu: 0
12. Inani lezikhungo zokwakha ze-athomu ezingaqinisekile: 0
13. Nquma inani le-chemical bond stereocenters: 0
14. Inani lama-stereocenters ebhondi yamakhemikhali angaqinisekile: 0
15. Inombolo yamayunithi ebhondi ehlangene: 1
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-12-2023