I-Zirconium (IV) chloride, obeye aziwe njengoi-zirconium tetrachloride,inefomula yamangqamuzanaZrCl4kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana angu-233.04. Ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa njengama-reagents okuhlaziya, ama-organic synthesis catalysts, ama-ejenti angangenisi amanzi, ama-ejenti okushuka.
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Izakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali
1. Umlingiswa: Ikristalu emhlophe ecwebezelayo noma impushana, idleka kalula.
2. Iphuzu elincibilikayo (℃): 437 (2533.3kPa)
3. Iphuzu elibilayo (℃): 331 (i-sublimation)
4. Ukuminyana okuhlobene (amanzi=1): 2.80
5. Umfutho womhwamuko ogcwele (kPa): 0.13 (190 ℃)
6. Ingcindezi ebucayi (MPa): 5.77
7. Ukunyibilika: Incibilika emanzini abandayo, i-ethanol, ne-ether, engancibiliki ku-benzene, carbon tetrachloride, ne-carbon disulfide.
Kulula ukumunca umswakama nomswakama, i-hydrolyzed ibe yi-hydrogen chloride ne-zirconium oxychloride emoyeni oswakeme noma isixazululo esinamanzi, i-equation imi kanje:ZrCl4+H2O─→ZrOCl2+2HCl
Ukuzinza
1. Ukuzinza: Izinzile
2. Izinto ezingavunyelwe: amanzi, ama-amine, utshwala, ama-asidi, ama-ester, ama-ketone
3. Izimo zokugwema ukuthintana: umoya oswakeme
4. Ingozi yokwenza i-Polymerization: i-non polymerization
5. Umkhiqizo wokubola: i-chloride
Isicelo
(1) Isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-zirconium yensimbi, i-pigments, i-textile waterproofing ejenti, ama-ejenti okushuka kwesikhumba, njll.
(2) Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-zirconium compounds kanye ne-organic metal organic compounds, ingasetshenziswa njenge-solvent kanye ne-ejenti yokuhlanza yensimbi ye-magnesium encibilikisiwe, nemiphumela yokukhipha insimbi ne-silicon.
Indlela yokuhlanganisa
Kala i-zirconia ne-calcined carbon black ngokusho kwesilinganiso se-molar yokulinganisa, hlanganisa ngokulinganayo bese uwabeka esikebheni se-porcelain. Faka isikebhe se-porcelain eshubhuni le-porcelain bese usishisa ku-500 ℃ emfudlaneni wegesi ye-chlorine ukuze kubalwe. Qoqa umkhiqizo usebenzisa isicupho ekamelweni lokushisa. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuncishiswa kwe-zirconium tetrachloride ku-331 ℃, ishubhu elide elingu-600mm lingasetshenziswa ukuze liphinde libe ngaphansi kwegesi ye-hydrogen ku-300-350 ℃ ukuze kukhishwe ama-oxide ne-ferric chloridei-zirconium chloride.
Umthelela endaweni
Izingozi zempilo
Umzila wokuhlasela: ukuhogela, ukungenwa, ukuthintana kwesikhumba.
Ingozi yezempilo: Ukuhogela kungabangela ukucasuka kokuphefumula, ungagwinyi. Inokucasuka okunamandla futhi ingabangela ukusha kwesikhumba nokulimala kwamehlo. Ukuphuza ngomlomo kungase kubangele ukuzwa okushisayo emlonyeni nasemphinjeni, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, indle enamanzi, indle enegazi, ukubhidlika, nokudlikiza.
Imiphumela engapheli: Ibangela i-granuloma yesikhumba. Ukucasuka okuncane emgudwini wokuphefumula.
I-Toxicology kanye Nemvelo
Ubuthi obunamandla: LD501688mg/kg (ukuphathwa ngomlomo kumagundane); 665mg/kg (igundane ngomlomo)
Izici eziyingozi: Uma ifakwe ekushiseni noma emanzini, iyabola futhi ikhiphe ukushisa, ikhiphe intuthu enobuthi negqwalayo.
Umkhiqizo ovuthayo (ukubola): i-hydrogen chloride.
Indlela yokuqapha ilabhorethri: I-Plasma spectroscopy (indlela ye-NIOSH 7300)
Ukulinganisa emoyeni: Isampula iqoqwa kusetshenziswa isihlungi, sincibilikiswe nge-asidi, bese ikalwa kusetshenziswa i-spectroscopy yokumuncwa kwe-athomu.
Amazinga emvelo: Ukuphepha Komsebenzi Nokuphathwa Kwezempilo (1974), Isikhathi Somoya Esinesisindo Esimaphakathi sesi-5.
Ukuvuza kwezimo eziphuthumayo
Hlukanisa indawo engcolile ngokuvuza bese umisa izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezizungezile. Kutuswa ukuthi abasebenzi bezimo eziphuthumayo bagqoke izifihla-buso zegesi kanye nezimpahla zokuvikela amakhemikhali. Ungathintani ngqo nezinto ezivuzayo, gwema uthuli, ushanele ngokucophelela, lungisa isixazululo samanzi angaba ngu-5% noma i-asidi, kancane kancane wengeze amanzi e-ammonia ahlanjululwe kuze kube yilapho kunemvula, bese uyilahla. Ungakwazi futhi ukugeza ngamanzi amaningi, bese uhlanza amanzi okugeza ohlelweni lwamanzi angcolile. Uma kukhona inani elikhulu lokuvuza, lisuse ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe. Indlela yokulahla imfucuza: Hlanganisa imfucuza ne-sodium bicarbonate, fafaza ngamanzi e-ammonia, bese wengeza iqhwa elichotshoziwe. Ngemuva kokuyeka ukusabela, hlambulula ngamanzi ku-sewer.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula: Uma kuvezwe othulini, imaski yegesi kufanele igqokwe. Gqoka isisetshenziswa sokuphefumula esizibambele lapho kudingeka.
Ukuvikela iso: Gqoka izibuko zokuphepha zamakhemikhali.
Izingubo zokuzivikela: Gqoka izingubo zokusebenza (ezenziwe ngezinto ezivimbela ukugqwala).
Ukuvikela isandla: Gqoka amagilavu erabha.
Okunye : Uma uphuma emsebenzini uyogeza ushintshe nezimpahla. Gcina izingubo ezingcoliswe ubuthi ngokwehlukana bese uzisebenzisa kabusha ngemva kokuwashwa. Gcina imikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko.
Izinyathelo zosizo lokuqala
Ukuthinta isikhumba: Hlanza ngokushesha ngamanzi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15. Uma kunokusha, funa ukwelashwa.
Ukuthintana kwamehlo: Phakamisa ngokushesha amajwabu amehlo bese uwageza ngamanzi agelezayo noma usawoti womzimba okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.
Ukuhogela: Khipha ngokushesha endaweni yesigameko uye endaweni enomoya omusha. Gcina umgudu wokuphefumula ongenazihibe. Yenza ukuphefumula okwenziwa uma kunesidingo. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha.
Ukungenisa: Lapho isiguli sivukile, hashaza umlomo waso ngokushesha, ungabangeli ukuhlanza, futhi uphuze ubisi noma okumhlophe kweqanda. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha.
Indlela yokucima umlilo: igwebu, i-carbon dioxide, isihlabathi, impushana eyomile.
Ukuhlela Indlela Yesitoreji
Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile, futhi enomoya omuhle. Gwema izinhlansi nemithombo yokushisa. Iphakheji kufanele ivalwe futhi ivikelwe emswakama. Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana nama-asidi, ama-amine, utshwala, ama-ester, njll., futhi igweme ukuhlanganisa isitoreji. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe izinto ezifanele ukuqukatha ukuvuza.
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwedatha Ye-Computational Chemistry
1. Inani eliyisethenjwa lesibalo sepharamitha ye-hydrophobic (XlogP): Akukho
2. Inani labanikeli bebhondi ye-hydrogen: 0
3. Inombolo yama-hydrogen bond receptors: 0
4. Inombolo yamabhondi amakhemikhali ashintshayo: 0
5. Inombolo yama-tautomer: Akukho
6. Indawo ye-molecule ye-topological polarity: 0
7. Inani lama-athomu asindayo: 5
8. Ukushaja okungaphezulu: 0
9. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi: 19.1
10. Inombolo yama-athomu e-Isotope: 0
11. Thola inani lezikhungo zesakhiwo se-athomu: 0
12. Inani lezikhungo zokwakha i-athomu ezingaqinisekile: 0
13. Nquma inani le-chemical bond stereocenters: 0
14. Inani lama-stereocenters ebhondi yamakhemikhali angaqinisekile: 0
15. Inombolo yamayunithi ebhondi ehlangene: 1
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-12-2023