I-Zirconium(Zr) kanyei-hafnium(Hf) yizinsimbi ezimbili ezibalulekile eziyivelakancane.Ngokwemvelo, i-zirconium ikakhulukazi ikhona ku-zircon (ZrO2) kanye ne-zircon (ZrSiO4).Ayikho i-mineral ehlukile ye-hafnium emvelweni, futhi i-hafnium ivame ukuhlangana ne-zirconium futhi ikhona kuma-zirconium ores.I-Hafnium ne-zirconium zitholakala eqenjini lesine lethebula le-periodic lezinto, ezinezakhiwo ezifanayo.Ngenxa ye-athomu ye-athomu efanayo, ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali kunzima kakhulu.Njengoba isisho sithi, 'Uma kukhona i-zirconium, kukhona i-hafnium, futhi uma kukhona i-hafnium, kukhona i-zirconium', ebonisa 'ukuhawukelana' 'kwabazalwane' ababili be-zirconium ne-hafnium.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa i-zirconium ne-hafnium bubuye buthuthuke njalo.Kusukela kunqubo yokubilisa i-chlorination, ukuhlukaniswa komlilo, ukuhlukaniswa kokukhishwa kwe-zirconium ne-hafnium kuya ekuhlukaniseni okumanzi nomlilo wamanje, umphumela wokuhlukanisa we-zirconium ne-hafnium uthuthukisiwe, okuholela ekwandeni okuqhubekayo kokuhlanzeka kwemikhiqizo ephansi.
Ama-precursors aqukethe i-zirconium ne-hafnium avame ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha noma njengama-catalysts embonini ye-petrochemical.I-Zirconium chloride (I-ZrCl4,obeye aziwe njengoi-zirconium tetrachloride) ingakhiqizwa ngokuncibilikisa i-zircon ngokunciphisa i-carbon kanye ne-chlorination.I-Hafnium chloride(HfCl4, obeye aziwe njengoi-hafnium tetrachloride) ngokuvamile ikhiqizwa nge-oxidizing hafnium, carbon, bese i-chlorinating.I-Zirconium chloridefuthii-hafnium chloridezibalulekile izinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiqiza izandulela eziqukethe i-zirconium ne-hafnium, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ku-aerospace, i-petrochemical, i-nuclear neminye imikhakha.
Ukusebenzisa ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-zirconium tetrachloridekanye ne-hafnium tetrachloride njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, imikhiqizo efana ne-n-propanol zirconium/hafnium, n-butanol zirconium/hafnium, tert butanol zirconium/hafnium, ethanol zirconium/hafnium, dichlorodicenyl zirconium/hafnium, kanye ne-bis (n-butylenecycling)i-hafnium dichlorideingabuye ihlanganiswe.Le mikhiqizo ingasebenza futhi njengemithombo ye-hafnium ne-zirconium yokubeka umhwamuko nama-precursors e-ceramic, kanye nama-catalysts we-organic synthesis.Izinto ze-Shang hai Epoch zinganikeza ukucaciswa kokupakisha kusukela ebangeni le-reagent kuya ebangeni lezimboni, ukuhlangabezana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokuhlolwa kwesayensi, izitshalo zokuhlola, nokukhiqiza.Chofoza isixhumanisi ukuze useshe imininingwane yomkhiqizo efanele ukuze ubuke imininingwane enemininingwane.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-26-2023