Njengamanje, kokubili ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-nanomaterials kudonse ukunaka kwamazwe ahlukahlukene.I-nanotechnology yaseChina iyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni noma ukukhiqizwa kwesilingo kwenziwe ngempumelelo ku-nanoscale SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, ZnO2, Fe2O3 nezinye izinto zempushana.Kodwa-ke, inqubo yamanje yokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza ubuthakathaka bayo obubulalayo, obuzothinta ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwama-nanomaterials.Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile se-elekthronikhi kanye ne-athomu enkulu ye-athomu yezakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile, izakhiwo zabo zamakhemikhali zihluke kakhulu kwezinye izakhi.Ngakho-ke, indlela yokulungiselela kanye nobuchwepheshe bangemva kokwelashwa kwe-nano oxides yomhlaba engavamile nayo ihlukile kwezinye izakhi.Izindlela zocwaningo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
1. Indlela yemvula: okuhlanganisa i-oxalic acid precipitation, carbonate precipitation, hydroxide precipitation, homogeneous precipitation, complexation precipitation, njll. Isici esikhulu kunazo zonke sale ndlela ukuthi ikhambi libamba ngokushesha, kulula ukulawula, imishini ilula, futhi ingakhiqiza. imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka okuphezulu.Kodwa kunzima ukuhlunga futhi kulula ukuhlanganisa.
2. Indlela ye-Hydrothermal: Sheshisa futhi uqinise ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis yama-ion ngaphansi kwezimo eziphakeme zokushisa nezingcindezi, futhi wenze ama-nanocrystalline nuclei ahlakazekile.Le ndlela ingathola ama-nanometer powders ngokuhlakazeka okufanayo kanye nokusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane, kodwa kudinga izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nemishini yokucindezela okukhulu, ebizayo futhi engaphephile ukusebenza.
3. Indlela yejeli: Iyindlela ebalulekile yokulungiselela izinto ezingaphili, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni izinto ezingaphili.Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ama-organometallic compounds noma ama-organic complexes angakha i-sol ngokusebenzisa i-polymerization noma i-hydrolysis, futhi yakhe ijeli ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kokushisa kungakhiqiza ama-noodle Elayisi e-ultrafine anendawo enkulu ethize kanye nokuhlakazeka okungcono.Le ndlela ingenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithambile, okuholela ekubeni impushana enendawo enkulu kanye ne-dispersibility engcono.Nokho, isikhathi sokusabela side futhi kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuqeda, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemboni.
4. Indlela yesigaba esiqinile: ukubola kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinhlanganisela eziqinile noma ukusabela kwesigaba esiqinile esimaphakathi.Isibonelo, i-earth nitrate ne-oxalic acid zixutshwa ukugaya kwebhola lesigaba esiqinile ukuze kwakheke indawo emaphakathi ye-oxalate yomhlaba eyivelakancane, ebese iboliswa ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze kutholwe impushana ye-ultrafine.Le ndlela inezinga eliphezulu lokusabela kahle, okokusebenza okulula, nokusebenza okulula, kodwa impushana ewumphumela ine-morphology engavamile kanye nokufana okungekuhle.
Lezi zindlela azihlukile futhi zingase zingasebenzi ngokugcwele ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni.Kukhona nezindlela eziningi zokulungiselela, njenge-organic microemulsion method, i-alcoalysis, njll.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-06-2023