Ososayensi benze inkundla yokuhlanganisa izakhi ze-nanosized material, noma "izinto ze-nano," zezinhlobo ezihluke kakhulu - ezingaphili noma eziphilayo - zibe izakhiwo ezifiselekayo ze-3-D.Yize i-self-assembly (SA) isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ukuhlela ama-nanomaterials ezinhlobo ezimbalwa, inqubo ibigxile kakhulu ohlelweni, ikhiqiza izakhiwo ezihlukene ezisuselwa kuzakhiwo zangaphakathi zezinto.Njengoba kubikiwe ephepheni elishicilelwe namuhla ku-Nature Materials, isiteji sabo esisha se-DNA-programmable nanofabrication singasetshenziswa ukuhlela izinto ezihlukahlukene ze-3-D ngezindlela ezifanayo ezinqunyiwe ku-nanoscale (amabhiliyoni amamitha), lapho i-optical, ikhemikhali eyingqayizivele. , nezinye izakhiwo ziyavela.
“Esinye sezizathu ezinkulu zokuthi kungani i-SA ingeyona indlela yokuzikhethela ezisetshenziswayo ukuthi inqubo efanayo ye-SA ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kulo lonke uhla olubanzi lwezinto zokwakha ama-oda afanayo angama-3-D avela kuma-nanocomponents ahlukene,” kuchaza umbhali ohambisanayo u-Oleg Gang. , umholi we-Soft and Bio Nanomaterials Group at the Centre for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN) — i-US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory — kanye noprofesa weChemical Engineering kanye ne-Applied Physics and Materials Science e-Columbia Engineering."Lapha, sihlukanise inqubo ye-SA ezintweni ezibonakalayo ngokuklama amafreyimu e-DNA e-polyhedral angahlanganisa izinto ezihlukahlukene ze-nano-organic noma ze-organic, okuhlanganisa izinsimbi, ama-semiconductors, ngisho namaprotheni nama-enzyme."
Ososayensi bakha amafreyimu e-DNA okwenziwa asesimweni se-cube, i-octahedron, ne-tetrahedron.Ngaphakathi kwamafreyimu kukhona “izingalo” ze-DNA lezo kuphela izinto ze-nano ezinokuhambisana nokulandelana kwe-DNA ezingabopha kuzo.Lawa ma-voxels wezinto ezibonakalayo - ukuhlanganiswa kohlaka lwe-DNA kanye ne-nano-object - amabhulokhi wokwakha lapho izakhiwo ze-3-D ze-macroscale zingenziwa khona.Ozimele baxhumeka komunye nomunye kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-nano-object engaphakathi (noma cha) ngokuya ngokulandelana okuhambisanayo abhalwe ngekhodi ngakho kuma-vertices awo.Kuye ngokuma kwawo, amafreyimu anenani elihlukile lama-vertices futhi ngaleyo ndlela akha izakhiwo ezihluke ngokuphelele.Noma yiziphi izinto ze-nano ezisingathwa ngaphakathi kozimele zithatha leso sakhiwo sozimele esithile.
Ukuze babonise indlela yabo yokuhlanganisa, ososayensi bakhethe ama-nanoparticles ensimbi (igolide) kanye ne-semiconducting (cadmium selenide) kanye nephrotheni yebhaktheriya (streptavidin) njengezinto ezingaphili ne-organic nano-objects okufanele zifakwe ngaphakathi kwefreyimu ye-DNA.Okokuqala, baqinisekisa ubuqotho bezinhlaka ze-DNA kanye nokwakheka kwama-voxels wezinto ezibonakalayo ngokuthwebula nge-electron microscopes e-CFN Electron Microscopy Facility kanye ne-Van Andel Institute, enohlu lwamathuluzi asebenza emazingeni okushisa e-cryogenic amasampula ezinto eziphilayo.Babe sebephenya izakhiwo ze-lattice ze-3-D ku-Coherent Hard X-ray Scattering and Complex Materials Scattering beamlines ye-National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) - enye i-DOE Office of Science User Facility e-Brookhaven Lab.Columbia Engineering Bykhovsky Professor of Chemical Engineering u-Sanat Kumar kanye neqembu lakhe benze imodeli yekhompyutha eveza ukuthi izakhiwo ze-lattice eziqashwe ngokuhlolwa (ngokusekelwe kumaphethini okuhlakazeka kwe-x-ray) kwakuyizona ezizinze kakhulu ngokwe-thermodynamically ama-voxels wento angakheka.
"Lawa ma-voxels abalulekile asivumela ukuthi siqale ukusebenzisa imibono etholakala kuma-athomu (nama-molecule) kanye namakristalu awakhayo, futhi athumele lolu lwazi nedathabheki enkulukazi ezinhlelweni ezithakaselwayo ku-nanoscale," kuchaza uKumar.
Abafundi beqembu lezigelekeqe e-Columbia babe sebebonisa ukuthi inkundla yomhlangano ingasetshenziswa kanjani ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuhlelwa kwezinhlobo ezimbili zezinto zokwakha ezinemisebenzi yamakhemikhali neyokubona.Kwesinye isikhathi, bahlanganisa ama-enzyme amabili, bakha ama-3-D afanayo anokuminyana okuphezulu kokupakisha.Nakuba ama-enzyme ahlala engashintshiwe ngamakhemikhali, abonisa ukwanda okuphindwe kane komsebenzi we-enzymatic.Lawa “ma-nanoreactors” angasetshenziselwa ukukhohlisa ukusabela kwe-cascade futhi anike amandla ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezisebenza ngamakhemikhali.Ukuze kuboniswe izinto ezibonakalayo, baxube imibala emibili ehlukene yamachashazi e-quantum - ama-nanocrystals amancane asetshenziselwa ukwenza izibonisi zikamabonakude ezinombala ophezulu wokugcwala kanye nokukhanya.Izithombe ezithwetshulwe ngesibonakhulu se-fluorescence zibonise ukuthi i-lattice eyakhiwe igcina ukuhlanzeka kombala ngaphansi komkhawulo wokuhlukanisa (ubude begagasi) bokukhanya;lesi sakhiwo singavumela ukuthuthukiswa kokuxazulula okubalulekile ekuboniseni okuhlukahlukene kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obubonakalayo.
“Kumele sicabange kabusha ukuthi izinto zokwakha zingakhiwa kanjani nokuthi zisebenza kanjani,” kusho uGang.“Ukuklama kabusha okubalulekile kungase kungadingeki;ukumane ukupakisha izinto ezikhona ngezindlela ezintsha kungathuthukisa izakhiwo zazo.Ngokunokwenzeka, inkundla yethu ingaba ubuchwepheshe obunika amandla 'okungaphezu kokukhiqizwa kokuphrinta kwe-3-D' ukuze kulawulwe izinto ezisetshenziswayo ngezikali ezincane kakhulu kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezibonakalayo neziklamiwe.Ukusebenzisa indlela efanayo ukwakha amalethi e-3-D kusuka ezintweni ezifiselekayo ze-nano zamakilasi ahlukene wezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuhlanganisa lezo ebezingabhekwa njengezingahambelani, kungase kuguqule i-nanomanufacturing.”
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zihlinzekwa yi-DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory.Qaphela: Okuqukethwe kungase kuhlelwe ngesitayela nobude.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-04-2022