-MhlopheUmhlaba ongavamilefuthi esindayoUmhlaba ongavamile
·Uhlobo linthanum, umrintshi, I-PraseOdDODYMIUM,needymium, Promethimium,iSamurium, indlu yokuhlala yokungenayogugu, igadiki.
· EsindayoUmhlaba ongavamile
·I-terbium,dysprosium,IHolmium, umphetho,Thululium,yterterbium, lutetium, ikhentiyamu, futhiytttrium.
· Ngokwezimo zamaminerali, ingahlukaniswaumrintshiiqembu futhiytttriumisixhobo
·Umrintshiiqembu (ukukhanyaUmhlaba ongavamile)
·Uhlobo linthanum,umrintshi,I-PraseOdDODYMIUM,needymium, Promethimium,iSamurium,indlu yokuhlala yokungenayogugu.
· Ytttrium group (umhlaba ojwayelekile)
·Igadiki, i-terbium,dysprosium,IHolmium,umphetho,Thululium,yterterbium,lutetium,ikhentiyamu, futhiytttrium.
-JwayelekileUmhlaba ongavamileizinto
· Ejwayelekileimihlaba engavamilezihlukaniswe: Monazite, i-bastnaesite,ytttriumI-phosphate, uhlobo lokufuya u-ore, neLanthanum vagadium Limonite.
Intoyitelo
· Monazite, owaziwa nangokuthi i-phosphocerceum lanthanide ore, kwenzeka eGranite ne-Granite Pegmatite; I-Rare Metal Carbonate Rock; E-Quartzite nase-Quartzite; EYunxia Syon, i-FeldSpar Aegirite, ne-Alkaline Syon Pegmatite; Imithambo yohlobo lwe-Alpine; Edwaleni elixubile kanye nokugcwala kwesihlabathi kanye nesihlabathi ore. Ngenxa yokuthi insiza esemqoka ye-Monazite enenani lezimayini zezomnotho yimali ye-asluvial noma yasogwini, isatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi ogwini lwe-Australia, eBrazil naseNdiya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-SRI Lanka, Madagascar, South Africa, Malaysia, China, Thailand, South Korea, eNyakatho Korea nezinye izindawo ezinama-placer ezisindayo ze-molayte, ezisetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwezinto zomhlaba ezingandile. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukukhiqizwa kwama-Monazite kukhombisile ukuthambekela okungezansi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yento ye-thorium ye-radioactive e-ore yayo, okuyingozi emvelweni.
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo: (CE, LA, Y, th) [Po4]. Ukwakheka kuyahluka kakhulu. Okuqukethwe kweI-Rare Earth OxidesKokukhethwa kwamaminerali kungafinyelela ku-50-68%. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-isomorphic kufaka y, th, ca, [sio4], ne- [so4].
I-Monazite incane ku-H3PO4, HLLO4, ne-H2SO4.
Ukwakheka kwe-Crystal kanye ne-morphology: Uhlelo lwe-monoclic crystal, uhlobo lwe-clombic cliclar crystal. Ikristalu yakha ukwakheka kwepuleti, futhi indawo ekristalu ivame ukuba nemivimbo noma imivimbo, ama-conical, noma ama-granular.
Izakhiwo ezenziwayo: Kuphuzi onsundu, onsundu, obomvu, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile kuluhlaza ngombala. Isemi sobala ukucaca. Imivimbo imhlophe noma ilula obomvu ophuzi. Ine-luster eqinile yengilazi. Ubulukhuni 5.0-5.5. Ukufona. Amandla adonsela phansi athile adonsela ku-4,9 kuye ku-5.5. Izakhiwo ezibuthakathaka kakhulu ze-electromagnetic. Ukukhipha ukukhanya okuluhlaza ngaphansi kwama-X-ray. Ayikhiphi ukukhanya ngaphansi kwemisebe ye-cathode.
YtttriumI-phosphate ore
· PhosphorusytttriumI-Ore ikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi eGranite, i-Granite PegMatite, futhi nase-Alkaline Granite kanye nezimbiwa ezihlobene namaminerali. Kukhiqizwa futhi kubabeki. Ukusetshenziswa: Kusetshenziswe njengezimbiwa eziluhlaza zokukhiphaUmhlaba ongavamileizinto lapho zicetshiswa ngamanani amakhulu.
Ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali: Y [PO4]. Ukwakheka kuquketheY2O3I-61.4% ne-P2O5 38.6%. Kukhona ingxube yeytttriumisixhoboUmhlaba ongavamileizinto, ikakhulukaziyterterbium, umphetho, dysprosium, futhiigadiki. Izinto ezinjengeticeyonium, i-uranium, ne-thorium kusathatha indawoytttrium, ngenkathianzinifuthi esikhundleni se-phosphorus. Ngokuvamile, okuqukethwe kwe-uranium ku-phosphorusytttriumOre mkhulu kunalokho kwe-thorium. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zeytttriumI-phosphate ore zizinzile. Ukwakheka kwe-Crystal kanye ne-morphology: uhlelo lwe-tetrogonal crystal, luhlobo lwe-tetragonal biconical crystal uhlobo, ngesimo se-granular nevik.
Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo: ophuzi, obomvu onsundu, kwesinye isikhathi okuluhlaza okotshani, futhi nsundu noma kukhanya nsundu. Imivimbo inombala onsundu ngombala. I-Glass Lusterter, grease lusterter. Ubulukhuni 4-5, amandla adonsela phansi athile 4.4-5.1, nge-polychromism ebuthakathaka kanye nomsakazo.
I-Lanthanum Fagadium Epidote
Iqembu elihlangene lokucwaninga elivela eYamaguchi University, e-University of Tokyo eJapan likhiphe umphakathi esho ukuthi bathole uhlobo olusha lwamaminerali aqukethe imihlaba engavamile.Umhlaba ongavamileIzinto zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni izimboni zendabuko kanye nokwakha amasimu aphezulu wezobuchwepheshe. Amaminerali amasha atholwe ezintabeni zedolobha lase-ISE, esifundeni saseSanchong ngo-Ephreli 2011, futhi luhlobo olukhethekile lwe-brown epidote equketheUmhlaba ongavamile uhlobo linthanumne-rate metal vanadium. NgoMashi 1, 2013, lokhu kumaminerali kwaqashelwa njengeminerali entsha yinhlangano yamazwe omhlaba kaMineroGy futhi ogama lakhe lingu "Lanthanum Fagadium Limonite".
Izici zeUmhlaba ongavamileamaminerali kanye ne-ore morphology
Izici ezijwayelekile zeUmhlaba ongavamileamayerali
1, ukuntuleka kwama-sulfides nama-sulfates (abanye abambalwa kuphela) abakhombisa ukuthi izinto zomhlaba ezingandile zinobuhlakani obukhona
2,Umhlaba ongavamileIzilondati zifana kakhulu neziqhingi ezinjengalezi, ngaphandle kwezenyeli, uhlaka olufana, noma chain njengezakhiwo;
3, ezinyeUmhlaba ongavamileamaminerali (ikakhulukazi ama-oxicatides abuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezilimo) zibonisa izifundazwe;
4, ukusatshalaliswa kweUmhlaba ongavamileAmaminerali ahlanganiswe ama-mincates kanye nama-oxides emadwaleni akwaMagmatic nama-Pegmatites, kanti ama-fluorocarbonate kanye nama-phoorocarbonases ikakhulukazi akhona kumadiphozi e-hydrothermal kanye nama-crust Iningi lamaminerali acebile e-ytttrium akhona eGranite njengamadwala nama-Pegmatites ahlobene, ama-hydrothermal deposits, kanye namadiphozithi we-hydrothermal;
5,Umhlaba ongavamileIzinto zivame ukuhlangana namaminerali afanayo ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo esifanayo se-athomu, amakhemikhali amakhemikhali namakhemikhali. Leyo,umrintshina-ytttrium Umhlaba ongavamileIzinto zivame ukuhlangana namaminerali afanayo, kepha lezi zinto azihlambina nenani elilinganayo. Amanye amaminerali ikakhulukazi akhiwaumrintshi Umhlaba ongavamileizinto, kanti ezinye zihlanganiswa ikakhulukaziytttrium.
Isimo sokwenzeka seUmhlaba ongavamileizinto kumaminerali
Ngokwemvelo,Umhlaba ongavamileIzinto zicebiswe kakhulu eGranite, amadwala e-Alkali, amadwala e-Alkaline Ultrabasic, kanye namadiphozi ahlobene namaminerali. Kunezimo ezintathu eziphambili zokuvelaUmhlaba ongavamileizinto ngamaminerali ngokuya ngokuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali amaminerali.
(1)Umhlaba ongavamileIzinto zibamba iqhaza ethangeni lamaminerali futhi zakhe ingxenye ebalulekile yamaminerali. Lolu hlobo lwamaminerali luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi amaminerali omhlaba angavamile. I-Monazite (repo4) kanye ne-bastnaesite ([LA, CE] FCO3) konke kungokwalesi sigaba.
(2)Umhlaba ongavamileelements are dispersed in minerals in the form of isomorphic substitution of elements such as Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Zr, etc. This type of mineral is abundant in nature, but theUmhlaba ongavamileOkuqukethwe kumaminerali amaningi kuphansi. quketheUmhlaba ongavamileI-Fluoria ne-Apatite kungenxa yalesi sigaba.
(3)Umhlaba ongavamileIzinto zikhona ebusweni noma phakathi kwezinhlayiya zamaminerali athile esimweni se-ionic adsorption. Lolu hlobo lwama-mineral lungohlobo lwe-hlobo lwe-crust leaching yokuqothula amaminerali, futhi umhlaba orekali we-ions ama-adsorbed lapho ama-mineral kanye nedwala lomzali lamaminerali ngaphambi kwezikhali
Maqondana. Okuqukethwe okuphakathi kweUmhlaba ongavamileIzinto eziku-crust zingu-165.35 × 10-6 (song, 1976). Ngokwemvelo,Umhlaba ongavamileizinto ikakhulukazi zikhona ngendlela yamaminerali angashadwa, futhiUmhlaba ongavamileamaminerali namaminerali aquketheUmhlaba ongavamileizinto ezitholakele emhlabeni
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-250 zezinto, kufaka phakathiUmhlaba ongavamileOkuqukethweUmhlaba ongavamileamaminerali. OkubalulekileUmhlaba ongavamileAmaminerali ikakhulukazi ama-fluorocarbonate ne-phosphate.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-250 zeUmhlaba ongavamileamaminerali namaminerali aquketheUmhlaba ongavamileIzinto ezitholakele, kunamaminerali angaphezu kwama-10 wezimboni alungele izimo zamanje zensimbi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-03-2023