I-Zirconium chloride, obeye aziwe njengoi-zirconium (IV) chloride or ZrCl4, iyinhlanganisela evame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene nocwaningo lwesayensi.Iqinile ngekristalu emhlophe enefomula yamangqamuzana ethiZrCl4kanye nesisindo sengqamuzana esingu-233.09 g/mol.I-Zirconium chlorideiyasebenza kakhulu futhi inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kuma-catalyst kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali kuya ekukhiqizeni izitsha zobumba nezingilazi.Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuthi kanjanii-zirconium chlorideyenziwe.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwei-zirconium chloridekuhilela ukusabela phakathii-zirconium oxidenoma i-zirconium metal ne-hydrogen chloride.I-Zirconia (ZrO2) ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengento yokuqala ngenxa yokutholakala nokuzinza kwayo.Ukusabela kungenziwa phambi kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa efana nekhabhoni noma i-hydrogen ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwei-zirconium oxide intoinsimbi ye-zirconium.
Okokuqala,i-zirconiaixubene ne-ejenti yokunciphisa bese ifakwa emkhunjini wokusabela.Igesi ye-Hydrogen chloride ibe isingeniswa emkhunjini wokusabela, okwenza ukusabela kwenzeke.Ukusabela kungase kube okushisayo, okusho ukuthi kukhipha ukushisa, futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona.Ukusabela phakathii-zirconium oxidefuthi i-hydrogen chloride imi kanje:
ZrO2 + 4HCl → ZrCl4 + 2H2O
Ukusabela kuvame ukwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-400 no-600 degrees Celsius, ukuqinisekisa ukuguqulwa okuphelelei-zirconium oxidephakathii-zirconium chloride.Ukusabela kuyaqhubeka kuze kube konkei-zirconium oxideiguqulwa ngokuphelele ibei-zirconium (IV) chloridenamanzi.
Uma ukusabela sekuphelile, ingxube ewumphumela iyapholiswa futhii-zirconium chlorideiyaqoqwa.Nokho,i-zirconium chloridengokuvamile ikhona ngesimo se-hydrated, okusho ukuthi iqukethe ama-molecule amanzi esakhiweni sayo se-crystal.Ukuze utholei-anhydrous zirconium chloride, amanzii-zirconium chloridengokuvamile iyashisisa noma i-vacuum yomisiwe ukuze isuse ama-molecule amanzi.
Ubumsulwa bei-zirconium chlorideibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezithile.Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuhlanza zingadingeka ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukungcola noma umswakama.Izindlela zokuhlanza ezivamile zihlanganisa i-sublimation, i-crystallization ye-fractional, ne-distillation.Lezi zindlela zingakhiphai-high-purity zirconium chloride, okubalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ezogesi kanye nezicelo zenuzi.
Ngamafuphi,i-zirconium chlorideihlanganiswa ukusabela kwei-zirconium oxidekanye ne-hydrogen chloride.Lokhu kusabela kudinga izimo ezilawulwayo futhi ngokuvamile kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.Umphumelai-zirconium chloridengokuvamile itholakala ngendlela enamanzi, nezinyathelo ezengeziwe ezidingekayo ukuze uthole i-anhydrous zirconium chloride.Izindlela zokuhlanza zingase zisetshenziswe ukuze kutholakale okuhlanzekilei-zirconium chloridengezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.Ukukhiqizwa kwei-zirconium chloridekuyinqubo ebalulekile, okwenza isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2023