I-Zirconium chloride, obeye aziwe njengoi-zirconium (IV) chloride or ZrCl4, iyinhlanganisela evame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene nocwaningo lwesayensi. Iqinile ngekristalu emhlophe enefomula yamangqamuzana ethiZrCl4kanye nesisindo sengqamuzana esingu-233.09 g/mol.I-Zirconium chlorideiyasebenza kakhulu futhi inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kuma-catalyst kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali kuya ekukhiqizeni izitsha zobumba nezingilazi. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuthi kanjanii-zirconium chlorideyenziwe.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwei-zirconium chloridekuhilela ukusabela phakathii-zirconium oxidenoma i-zirconium metal ne-hydrogen chloride.I-Zirconia (ZrO2) ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengento yokuqala ngenxa yokutholakala nokuzinza kwayo. Ukusabela kungenziwa phambi kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa efana nekhabhoni noma i-hydrogen ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwei-zirconium oxide intoinsimbi ye-zirconium.
Okokuqala,i-zirconiaixubene ne-ejenti yokunciphisa bese ifakwa emkhunjini wokusabela. Igesi ye-Hydrogen chloride ibe isingeniswa emkhunjini wokusabela, okwenza ukusabela kwenzeke. Ukusabela kungase kube okushisayo, okusho ukuthi kukhipha ukushisa, futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona. Ukusabela phakathii-zirconium oxidefuthi i-hydrogen chloride imi kanje:
ZrO2 + 4HCl → ZrCl4 + 2H2O
Ukusabela kuvame ukwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-400 no-600 degrees Celsius, ukuqinisekisa ukuguqulwa okuphelelei-zirconium oxidephakathii-zirconium chloride. Ukusabela kuyaqhubeka kuze kube konkei-zirconium oxideiguqulwa ngokuphelele ibei-zirconium (IV) chloridenamanzi.
Uma ukusabela sekuphelile, ingxube ewumphumela iyapholiswa futhii-zirconium chlorideiyaqoqwa. Nokho,i-zirconium chloridengokuvamile ikhona ngesimo se-hydrated, okusho ukuthi iqukethe ama-molecule amanzi esakhiweni sayo se-crystal. Ukuze utholei-anhydrous zirconium chloride, amanzii-zirconium chloridengokuvamile iyashisisa noma i-vacuum yomisiwe ukuze isuse ama-molecule amanzi.
Ubumsulwa bei-zirconium chlorideibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezithile. Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuhlanza zingadingeka ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukungcola noma umswakama. Izindlela zokuhlanza ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa i-sublimation, i-crystallization ye-fractional, kanye ne-distillation. Lezi zindlela zingakhiphahigh-purity zirconium chloride, okubalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ezogesi kanye nezicelo zenuzi.
Ngamafuphi,i-zirconium chlorideihlanganiswa ukusabela kwei-zirconium oxidekanye ne-hydrogen chloride. Lokhu kusabela kudinga izimo ezilawulwayo futhi ngokuvamile kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Umphumelai-zirconium chloridengokuvamile itholakala ngendlela enamanzi, nezinyathelo ezengeziwe ezidingekayo ukuze uthole i-anhydrous zirconium chloride. Izindlela zokuhlanza zingase zisetshenziswe ukuze kutholakale okuhlanzekilei-zirconium chloridengezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Ukukhiqizwa kwei-zirconium chloridekuyinqubo ebalulekile, okwenza isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2023