Ku-opera yasemkhathini kaFrank Herbert ethi “Dunes”, into yemvelo eyigugu ebizwa ngokuthi “ingxube yezinongo” inika abantu ikhono lokuzulazula endaweni yonke ukuze bathole impucuko ephakathi kwezinkanyezi.Empilweni yangempela Emhlabeni, iqoqo lezinsimbi zemvelo ezibizwa ngokuthi izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile lenze ubuchwepheshe besimanje bungenzeka.Isidingo salezi zingxenye ezibalulekile Cishe yonke imikhiqizo yesimanje kagesi sikhula kakhulu.
Imihlaba engavamileukuhlangabezana nezinkulungwane zezidingo ezahlukene - isibonelo, i-cerium isetshenziswa njenge-catalyst yokucwenga uwoyela, kuyilaphoi-gadoliniumibamba ama-neutron kuma-reactors enuzi.Kodwa ikhono elivelele kakhulu lalezi zakhi lise-luminescence yabo kanye ne-magnetism.
Sithembele emhlabeni ongavamile ukufaka umbala kusikrini sefoni yethu ehlakaniphile, sisebenzise i-fluorescence ukuze sibonise ubuqiniso bemali yamaphepha e-Euro, futhi sidlulise amasignali ngaphansi kolwandle ngezintambo zefiber optical.Ziyadingeka futhi ekwenzeni ezinye zezidonsa ezinamandla futhi ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu emhlabeni.Akhiqiza amaza omsindo kuma-headphone akho, athuthukise ulwazi lwedijithali emkhathini, futhi aguqule umkhondo wemicibisholo yokusesha eshisayo.I-Rare Earth nayo ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza, njengamandla omoya nezimoto zikagesi, futhi ingase ikhiqize nezingxenye ezintsha zekhompyutha ye-Quantum.UStephen Boyd, usokhemisi wokwenziwa kanye nomeluleki ozimele, uthe, “Lolu hlu alupheli.Bakhona yonke indawo
Umhlaba ongavamile ubhekisela ku-Lanthanide lutetium nezinto ezingu-14 phakathi kwe-lanthanum nei-yttrium, evame ukwenzeka kwidiphozi efanayo futhi ibe nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezifana neLanthanide.Lezi zinsimbi ezinombala ompunga kuye kwesiliva ngokuvamile zinepulasitiki kanye namaphoyinti ancibilika aphezulu nabilayo.Amandla abo ayimfihlo atholakala kuma-electron awo.Wonke ama-athomu anenucleus ezungezwe ama-electron, ahlala endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-orbit.Ama-electron aku-orbit ekude kakhulu ne-nucleus yi-Valence electron, ebamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali futhi akhe izibopho namanye ama-athomu.
Iningi lama-Lanthanide linelinye iqembu elibalulekile lama-electron, abizwa ngokuthi “ama-f-electron”, ahlala endaweni yegolide eduze kwe-electron ye-Valence kodwa esondele kancane kunucleus.U-Ana de Bettencourt Dias, usokhemisi wezinto ezingaphili eNyuvesi yaseNevada, eReno, wathi: “Yilawa ma-electron abangela izici zikazibuthe nezikhanyayo zezakhi zomhlaba eziyivelakancane.”
Umhlaba ongavamile iqoqo lezakhi ezingu-17 (ezikhonjiswe ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuthebula le-periodic).Isethi engaphansi yezakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-Lanthanide (lutetium, Lu, kanye nomugqa osihloko sithii-lanthanumLa).I-elementi ngayinye iqukethe igobolondo, ngokuvamile eliqukethe ama-electron angu-f, okwenza lezi zakhi zibe nezakhiwo kazibuthe nezikhanyayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-05-2023