Emndenini omkhulu wezakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile,i-gadolinium oxide (Gd2O2)isibe inkanyezi emphakathini wesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo nezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zomzimba namakhemikhali kanye nezinkambu ezibanzi zokusebenzisa. Le nto eyimpuphu emhlophe ayilona nje ilungu elibalulekile lama-oxides omhlaba angavamile, kodwa futhi iyingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza ekuthuthukisweni kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe besimanje. Kusukela ekucabangeni kwezokwelapha kuya kubuchwepheshe bamandla enuzi, kusukela ezintweni kazibuthe kuya emishinini yokubona, i-gadolinium oxide igcwele yonke indawo, igqamisa inani eliyingqayizivele lezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba.
1. Izici eziyisisekelo ze-gadolinium oxide
I-Gadolinium oxideiyi-oxide yomhlaba evamile engavamile enesakhiwo se-cubic crystal. Esakhiweni sayo sekristalu, ama-ion e-gadolinium nama-ion oksijini ahlanganiswa ngohlelo oluthile lwendawo ukuze kwakheke isibopho samakhemikhali esizinzile. Lesi sakhiwo sinikeza i-gadolinium oxide indawo yokuncibilika efinyelela ku-2350°C, ukuyivumela ukuthi ihlale izinzile ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu.
Mayelana nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali, i-gadolinium oxide ibonisa izici ezijwayelekile ze-alkaline oxide. Ingasabela ngama-asidi ukwenza usawoti ohambisanayo futhi ine-hygroscopicity ethile. Lezi zici zidinga izimo ezikhethekile zokugcina nokuphatha i-gadolinium oxide ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwezinto.
Ngokuphathelene nezakhiwo zomzimba, i-gadolinium oxide inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokubona kanye nezikazibuthe. Inenkomba ephezulu ye-refractive kanye nokudlulisa ukukhanya okuhle endaweni yokukhanya ebonakalayo, ebeka isisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwayo emkhakheni we-optical. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isakhiwo segobolondo le-electron ye-4f ye-ion ye-gadolinium siyinikeza izici eziyingqayizivele zamagnetic.
Breif isingeniso
| Igama lomkhiqizo | I-Gadolinium oxide, i-Gadolinium(III) oxide |
| Cas | 12064-62-9 |
| MF | Gd2O3 |
| Isisindo samangqamuzana | 362.50 |
| Ukuminyana | 7.407 g/cm3 |
| Iphoyinti lokuncibilika | 2,420° C |
| Ukubukeka | Impushana emhlophe |
| Ubumsulwa | 5N (Gd2O3/REO≥99.999%）；3N (Gd2O3/REO≥ 99.9%) |
| Ukuncibilika | Ayincibiliki emanzini, incibilika ngokulingene kuma-acid amaminerali aqinile |
| Ukuzinza | I-hygroscopic kancane |
| Izilimi eziningi | I-GadoliniumOxid, i-Oxyde De Gadolinium, i-Oxido Del Gadolinio |
| Umkhiqizo we-Solubility Ksp | 1.8×10−23 |
| Isakhiwo sekristalu | I-Monoclinic crystal system |
| Ibhrendi | Inkathi |
2. Izindawo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-gadolinium oxide
Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ukusetshenziswa okubaluleke kakhulu kwe-gadolinium oxide kunjengento engavuthiwe ye-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ephikisanayo. I-Gadolinium complexes ingashintsha kakhulu isikhathi sokuphumula sama-protons amanzi, ithuthukise ukuqhathanisa kwezithombe, futhi inikeze izithombe ezicacile zokuxilongwa kwesifo. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lukhuthaze kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje bezithombe zezokwelapha.
Emkhakheni wezinto zikazibuthe, i-gadolinium oxide iwukhiye wokulungisa izinto zikazibuthe ezifana ne-gadolinium iron garnet (GdIG). Lezi zinto zidlala indima ebalulekile kumadivayisi we-microwave namadivayisi we-magneto-optical, futhi zinikeza isisekelo esibonakalayo sokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje zokuxhumana.
Ekusetshenzisweni kwe-optical, i-gadolinium oxide isetshenziswa kakhulu ku-phosphors, izinto ze-laser, i-optical coatings nezinye izinkambu ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zokubona. Ikakhulukazi ekulungiseleleni amafilimu e-optical high-refractive-index, i-gadolinium oxide ibonisa izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele.
Kubuchwepheshe bamandla enuzi, i-gadolinium oxide isetshenziswa njengentonga yokulawula yama-reactors enuzi ngenxa yesigaba sayo esiphezulu sokumuncwa kwe-neutron. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuphephile kwama-reactors enuzi.
3. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-gadolinium oxide
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela, indlela yokuhlanganisa ye-gadolinium oxide iye yathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo. Kusukela endleleni yokusabela yesigaba esiqinile yendabuko ukuya endleleni ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokulungiselela kuye kwathuthukisa kakhulu ubumsulwa nokusebenza kwe-gadolinium oxide.
Ezindaweni ezikhulayo zohlelo lokusebenza, i-gadolinium oxide ibonisa amandla amakhulu. Ekukhanyeni kwesimo esiqinile, i-quantum computing, ukubusa kwemvelo nezinye izici, abacwaningi bahlola ukusetshenziswa okusha kwe-gadolinium oxide. Lokhu kuhlola kuye kwavula izikhombisi-ndlela ezintsha zokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-gadolinium oxide.
Ngokombono wamathemba embonini, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni zamasu ezisafufusa njengamandla amasha nezinto ezintsha, isidingo semakethe ye-gadolinium oxide sizoqhubeka nokukhula. Ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu, ukubaluleka kwe-gadolinium oxide kuzothuthukiswa nakakhulu.
Njengelungu elibalulekile lomndeni wezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba, inani le-gadolinium oxide alibonakali nje kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo zamanje zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa futhi nasemathubeni ayo angenamkhawulo ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe kwesikhathi esizayo. Kusukela kwezempilo yezokwelapha kuye kubuchwepheshe bamandla, kusukela ekuxhumaneni kolwazi kuya ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, i-gadolinium oxide yenza iminikelo ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwesayensi yabantu nobuchwepheshe ngezinto zayo eziyingqayizivele. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha, i-gadolinium oxide izokhanya nakanjani emikhakheni eminingi futhi iqhubeke nesahluko esiyinganekwane sezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-20-2025