I-Scandium oxide (Sc₂O₃), ikhemikhali eyakhiwe ngama-anion oksijini we-divalent kanye ne-trivalent scandium cations, iveza njengempushana emhlophe qwa, ehlukaniseke kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezizungezile, ukubukeka kwayo okubonakala kungenasizotha okuhlanganisa ingcebo yezici ze-physicochemical ezithakazelisayo ezisekela indima yayo ephawulekayo ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe ezithuthukisiwe. Izici eziyisisekelo zale sesquioxide, ehlanganisa izici zayo ezingokomzimba nokusebenza kabusha kwamakhemikhali, akuzona nje ilukuluku lemfundo kodwa kunalokho yizona ezinquma ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuzo zonke izinkambu ezihlukene, kusukela kuzixazululo zokukhanyisa ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kuya ekudalweni kwama-alloys ensimbi athuthukisiwe anezici zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe.
Breif isingeniso
| Umkhiqizo | I-Scandium oxide, i-Scandium(III) oxide |
| Cas | 12060-08-1 |
| MF | I-Sc2O3 |
| Purity Sc2O3/REO | 99% ~ 99.999% |
| Isisindo samangqamuzana | 137.91 |
| Ukuminyana | 3.86 g/cm3 |
| Iphoyinti lokuncibilika | 2485°C |
| Ukubukeka | Impushana emhlophe |
| Ukuncibilika | Ayincibiliki emanzini, incibilika ngokulingene kuma-acid amaminerali aqinile |
| Ukuzinza | I-hygroscopic kancane |
| Izilimi eziningi | I-ScandiumOxid, i-Oxyde De Scandium, i-Oxido Del Scandium |
| I-Melting Point | 2403°C |
| IMisa ngqo | 137.897 g/mol |
| IMisa ye-Monoisotopic | 137.896564 Da |
| Ibhrendi | Inkathi |
Iphrofayili engokomzimba ye-scandium oxide iphawulwa ukuqina kwayo okushisayo okuphawulekayo, ikhombisa indawo yokuncibilika ephezulu kakhulu evamise ukuwela phakathi kwebanga elingu-2400 kuya ku-2485 degrees Celsius, okuwubufakazi bamandla e-interatomic aqinile ngaphakathi kwe-crystalline lattice. Iphuzu layo lokubilisa seliphakeme nakakhulu, ligcizelela nakakhulu isimo sayo esiphikisayo kanye namandla ayo okumelana nezindawo ezishisayo ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinguquko zesigaba eziyingozi. Nge-gravity ethile efinyelela ku-3.86 amagremu cubic centimitha ngayinye, inokuminyana okumaphakathi, into ethonya ukucatshangwa kwesisindo esiphelele ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ukukhanya kwempahla kuyipharamitha yedizayini ebalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-scandium oxide ibonisa ukungancibiliki okuphawulekayo emithonjeni ye-aqueous, isici esivela ekubopheni okuqinile kwe-ionic ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sayo, nakuba ivele ihlakazeke kuma-acids amaminerali agxilile lapho ishisa, okwenza usawoti we-scandium ohambisanayo, ukuziphatha kwamakhemikhali okusetshenziselwa izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokwenziwa nokuhlanzwa. Ngamakhemikhali,i-scandium oxideibonisa ukuthambekela kwe-amphoteric, nakuba isisekelo sayo sigqama kakhulu kune-asidi yayo, ukuyivumela ukuthi isabele ngezinhlobo ezine-asidi ukuze yenze usawoti. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ingakwazi futhi ukumunca i-carbon dioxide yasemkhathini, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona umswakama, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-carbonates angaphezulu noma ama-hydroxycarbonates, into edinga ukugcinwa ngokucophelela ukuze igcine ubumsulwa bayo.
Ngaphandle kwezimpawu zayo ezibambekayo, i-scandium oxide ibonisa iqoqo elithakazelisayo lezakhiwo ze-optical kanye ne-elekthronikhi ezisetshenziswa ngokwandayo kubuchwepheshe obuphambili. Inkomba yayo ye-refractive, uma kuqhathaniswa iphakeme cishe ku-1.85 kuya ku-1.96 kuye ngobude begagasi nokuminyana kwezinto ezibonakalayo, iyenza ibe wusizo ekwenziweni kwezimbotshana zokukhanya namalensi, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudluliselwa kokukhanya nokukhwabanisa. Ibonisa ukudluliselwa okubalulekile ezingxenyeni ezibonakalayo neziseduze ne-infrared ze-electromagnetic spectrum, isebenza njengengxenye ebalulekile kumafasitela abonakalayo nanjenge-substrate ebonisa ngale yamafilimu amancane kumadivayisi we-optoelectronic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ihlanganiswe ngobuchule ngama-ion omhlaba athile angavamile, i-scandium oxide ibonisa i-photoluminescence, ikhipha ukukhanya kobude obuthile obuthile phezu kwenjabulo, indawo emaphakathi ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ekukhanyeni okuqinile okonga amandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokubonisa obuthuthukisiwe. Esimweni sayo sangaphakathi, i-scandium oxide isebenza njengesivikelo sikagesi, esibonakala ngokumelana okuphezulu, isibaluli esibalulekile sokusetshenziswa kwayo njengempahla ye-dielectric ezingxenyeni ze-elekthronikhi, ukuvimbela ukuvuza okungafuneki kwamanje. Ukungaguquguquki kwayo okuphakeme kakhulu kwe-dielectric kuyenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa kuma-capacitor, kusiza ukugcinwa kwamandla okusebenzayo ngaphakathi kwamasekhethi kagesi.
Ukuze uqonde ukuziphatha okukhulu kwe-scandium oxide, ukuqonda kwesakhiwo sayo se-athomu kubaluleke kakhulu. Icwebezela esakhiweni se-cubic Bixbyite, i-motif evamile phakathi kwe-sesquioxides yomhlaba eyivelakancane, ebonakala ngohlelo lwe-cubic olugxile ebusweni lwe-oxide anions enama-scandium cations asebenzisa amasayithi athile e-octahedral, nakuba enezikhala ze-anionic. Lezi zici zesakhiwo zikhomba amabanga e-interatomic nama-engeli okuxhumana, ekugcineni abe nomthelela ekuzinzeni okuphelele kwempahla nezici. Isibopho se-ionic esihleleke kakhulu nesiqinile ngaphakathi kwale lathisi yekristalu kunomthelela omkhulu endaweni yokuncibilika ephezulu kanye nokungangeni kwamakhemikhali ngaphansi kwezimo eziningi.
Idlulela ngale kwezimfanelo zayo eziyisisekelo, i-scandium oxide ikhombisa uhla lwezakhiwo ezithuthukile nezisafufusa eziheha intshisekelo enkulu ocwaningweni olusezingeni eliphezulu. Ingaphezulu layo libonisa ukusebenza kwe-catalytic ekuguqulweni kwamakhemikhali okuthile, futhi ikhono layo lokukhangisa ama-molecule ahlukahlukene liyahlolwa kubuchwepheshe bezinzwa. Ngenkathi iyisivikeli sikagesi, inomthamo olinganisekayo oshisayo, ovumela ukuchithwa kokushisa, into ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zikagesi ezinamandla amakhulu. I-coefficient yayo ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa yokunwetshwa kwe-thermal iqinisekisa ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kulo lonke uhla lwamazinga okushisa, isici esifiselekayo kubunjiniyela bokunemba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubulukhuni bayo obubalulekile kanye nokuqina kokuphuka okumaphakathi kunomthelela ekuqineni kwayo ezindaweni ezidinga imishini.
Ekugcineni, ukuhlangana okuyingqayizivele kwezakhiwo ze-scandium oxide ezingokomzimba, zamakhemikhali, ezibonakalayo, ze-elekthronikhi, kanye nemishini ilawula uhla lwayo oluhlukahlukene nolukhulayo lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukuzinza kwayo okushisayo kanye nezakhiwo ze-luminescent kusekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekukhanyeni okuphezulu. Ikhono layo lokuthuthukisa amandla nokushisela kwama-alloys e-aluminium, ngokucolisiswa okusanhlamvu, libalulekile ku-aerospace kanye nobunjiniyela bezimoto. Izakhiwo zayo ze-dielectric kanye ne-insulating zisetshenziswa kuma-ceramics kagesi nama-capacitor. Inkomba yayo ye-refractive kanye nokubonisa ngale kuyasetshenziswa kuma-optical coatings. Umsebenzi we-catalytic wobuso bayo uhlolisiswa ekuhlanganiseni kwamakhemikhali, futhi amandla ayo okukhangisa asetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe bezinzwa. I-doping ehambisanayo ye-scandium oxide enezici zomhlaba eziyivelakancane inika amandla ukwakhiwa kwama-phosphor akhethekile okukhanyisa okuthuthukisiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokubonisa. Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka nokudalula ubunkimbinkimbi bezakhiwo zalo futhi luhlola izindlela zokwenza inoveli, ukusetshenziswa kwe-scandium oxide kukulungele ukunwetshwa okwengeziwe, kuqiniswe indima yayo njengento ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe kwesikhathi esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-08-2025