I-Bastnaesite
I-Neodymium, inombolo ye-athomu engu-60, isisindo se-athomu engu-144.24, enokuqukethwe okungu-0.00239% kuqweqwe, okutholakala kakhulu ku-monazite ne-bastnaesite. Kunama-isotopes ayisikhombisa e-neodymium ngokwemvelo:i-neodymium142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, kanye 150, neodymium 142 enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu. Ngokuzalwa kukai-praseodymiumisici,i-neodymiumkwavela isici. Ukufika kwei-neodymiumisici senza i-umhlaba ongavamilefield, wadlala indima ebalulekileumhlaba ongavamilefield, futhi walawula iumhlaba ongavamileimakethe.
Ukutholakala kweI-Neodymium
UKarl von Welsbach (1858-1929), umsunguli weI-Neodymium
Ngo-1885, usokhemisi wase-Austrian uCarl Auer von Welsbach watholai-neodymiumeVienna. Wehlukanai-neodymiumfuthii-praseodymiumkusuka ku-symmetricali-neodymiumizinto zokwakha ngokuhlukanisa i-crystalline ammonium dinitrate tetrahydrate ku-nitric acid, futhi yazihlukanisa ngokuhlaziywa kwe-spectral. Nokho, kwaze kwaba ngo-1925 lapho bahlukaniswa khona besesimweni esimsulwa.
Kusukela ngawo-1950, ubumsulwa obuphezulu (ngaphezu kwama-99%)i-neodymiumitholwe ngokuyinhloko ngenqubo yokushintshanisa i-ion ye-monazite. Insimbi ngokwayo itholakala nge-electrolysis yama-halide salts ayo. Okwamanje, iningii-neodymiumikhishwa etsheni le-Bastana (Ce, La, Nd, Pr) CO3F futhi ihlanzwa ngokukhipha i-solvent. Ukuhlanzwa kokushintshisana kwe-ion kugcinelwe ukulungiselela ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kakhulu (imvamisa>99.99%). Ngenxa yobunzima bokukhipha iminonjana yokugcina yei-praseodymiumenkathini yokukhiqiza encike kubuchwepheshe be-crystallization yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, kusenesikhathii-neodymiumingilazi eyakhiwe ngeminyaka yawo-1930 yayinombala onsomi noma osawolintshi ngokwedlulele kunezinguqulo zesimanje.
Insimbi ye-Neodymiuminombala ocwebezelayo wensimbi oyisiliva, indawo encibilikayo engu-1024 ° C, kanye nokuminyana okungu-7.004g/cm ³， Ine-paramagnetism.I-Neodymiumingenye esebenza kakhuluizinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile, eyenza i-oxidize ngokushesha futhi ibe mnyama emoyeni, yakhe ungqimba lwe-oxide olubese luyaxebuka, luveze insimbi ukuze iqhubeke i-oxidation. Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu besentimithai-neodymiumisampula is oxidized ngokuphelele phakathi nonyaka owodwa. Thatha kancane emanzini abandayo futhi ngokushesha emanzini ashisayo.
I-Neodymiumisakhiwo electronic
Isakhiwo se-elekthronikhi:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f4
Ukusebenza kwe-laseri-neodymiumkungenxa yokuguqulwa kwama-electron e-orbital angu-4f phakathi kwamazinga ahlukene wamandla. Le nto ye-laser isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokuxhumana, ukugcinwa kolwazi, ukwelashwa, ukucutshungulwa ngomshini, neminye imikhakha. Phakathi kwazo,i-yttrium aluminiumI-garnet Y3Al5O12: I-Nd (YAG: Nd) isetshenziswa kabanzi ekusebenzeni kwayo okuhle kakhulu, kanye ne-Nd dopedi-gadolinium scandiumi-gallium garnet esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Isicelo sei-neodymium
Umsebenzisi omkhulu wei-neodymiumi-neodymium iron boron unomphela uzibuthe. Ozibuthe be-iron boron ye-Neodymium banomkhiqizo wamandla kazibuthe aphezulu futhi baziwa ngokuthi “inkosi yezibuthe ezingapheli” yangaleso sikhathi. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana ne-electronics nemishini ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuhle kakhulu. UFrancis Wall, uprofesa wezimayini ezifakiwe eCumburn School of Mining eNyuvesi yase-Exeter e-UK, uthe: “Ngozibuthe, akukho mncintiswano ngempelai-neodymium.” Ukuthuthukiswa okuyimpumelelo kwe-Alpha magnetic spectrometer kuphawula ukuthi izakhiwo zikazibuthe zaseShayina zozibuthe be-neodymium iron boron sezifinyelele emazingeni asezingeni lomhlaba.
Uzibuthe we-Neodymium ku-hard disk
I-Neodymiumingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto zobumba, ingilazi ensomi ngokugqamile, amarubi okwenziwa kumalaser, kanye nengilazi ekhethekile ekwazi ukuhlunga imisebe ye-infrared. Isetshenziswa kanyekanyei-praseodymiumukwenza izibuko zabasebenzi abafutha ingilazi.
Yengeza u-1.5% kuya ku-2.5% we-nanoi-neodymium oxidekuya ku-magnesium noma i-aluminium alloys ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, ukungangeni komoya, nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-alloy, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi njengempahla ye-aerospace.
I-Nanometeri-yttrium aluminiumi-garnet ifakwei-neodymium oxideikhiqiza imishayo ye-laser emfushane, esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokushisela nokusika izinto ezincanyana ezinogqinsi olungaphansi kuka-10mm.
Nd: induku ye-laser ye-YAG
Emsebenzini wezokwelapha, nanoi-yttrium aluminiumama-lasers e-garnet afakwe i-nanoUkuhlanzeka Okuphezulu 99.9% I-Neodymium Oxide CAS No 1313-97-9 (epomaterial.com)zisetshenziswa esikhundleni semimese yokuhlinza ukuze kukhishwe amanxeba okuhlinzwa noma okubulala amagciwane.
I-Neodymiumingilazi yenziwe ngokungezai-neodymium oxidekuncibilike ingilazi. Ngokuvamile, i-lavender ibonakala ivuliwei-neodymiumingilazi ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga noma ukukhanya kwe-incandescent, kodwa kubonakala kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-fluorescent.I-Neodymiumingasetshenziswa ukufaka imibala emithunzi yengilazi ethambile efana ne-violet emsulwa, i-burgundy, ne-grey efudumele.
I-Neodymiumingilazi
Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokwandiswa nokwandiswa kobuchwepheshe bomhlaba obungavamile,i-neodymiumizoba nendawo ebanzi yokusetshenziswa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-26-2023