Kusukela ngawo-1950, isiShayinaumhlaba ongavamileabasebenzi besayensi nobuchwepheshe benze ucwaningo olunzulu nokuthuthukiswa kwendlela yokukhipha izincibilikisi ukuze kuhlukanisweumhlaba ongavamileizakhi, futhi bathole imiphumela eminingi yocwaningo lwesayensi, esetshenziswe kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izimboni zomhlaba ezingavamile. Ngo-1970, i-N263 yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo embonini ukukhipha nokuhlukanisai-yttrium oxidengobumsulwa obungu-99.99%, esikhundleni sendlela yokushintshanisa i-ion yokuhlukanisai-yttrium oxide. Izindleko zazingaphansi kokukodwa kweshumi kwaleyo yendlela yokushintshanisa i-ion; Ngo-1970, isizinda se-P204 sasetshenziswa esikhundleni sendlela ye-classical recrystallization ukukhiqiza ukukhanyaama-oxide omhlaba angavamile; Iyakhiphai-lanthanum oxideusebenzisa i-methyl dimethyl heptyl ester (P350) esikhundleni se-classical fractional crystallization method; Ngawo-1970, inqubo yokukhipha i-ammonia P507 nokuhlukaniswa kweumhlaba ongavamileizakhi kanye nokukhishwa kwei-yttriumnge-naphthenic acid yaqala ukusetshenziswa eChinaumhlaba ongavamileimboni ye-hydrometallurgy; Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bokukhipha eChinaumhlaba ongavamileimboni ayinakuhlukaniswa nokusebenza ngokuzikhandla kuka-Yuan Chengye namanye ama-comrades avela e-Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry. Ama-extractants ahlukahlukene (afana ne-P204, P350, P507, njll.) acwaninge ngempumelelo asetshenziswe kabanzi embonini; Ithiyori yokukhipha i-cascade ephakanyiswe futhi yakhuthazwa nguSolwazi Xu Guangxian wase-Peking University ngeminyaka yawo-1970 idlale indima eyisiqondiso kubuchwepheshe be-China bokukhipha nokuhlukanisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inqubo yokuhlukanisa eyenziwe kahle kusetshenziswa ithiyori yokukhipha i-cascade yahlongozwa futhi yasetshenziswa kabanzi kuumhlaba ongavamileimboni yokukhipha nokuhlukanisa.
Eminyakeni engu-40 edlule, i-China izuze izimpumelelo eziningi eziphawulekayo emkhakheni weumhlaba ongavamileukuhlukana nokuhlanzwa.
Ngawo-1960, i-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute yafunda ngempumelelo indlela ye-zinc powder yokunciphisa i-alkalinity ukukhiqiza ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu.i-europium oxide, okwakungokokuqala e-China ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-99.99%. Le ndlela isasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhloboimihlaba engavamileezweni lonke elisetshenziswa ifektri; I-Shanghai Yuelong Chemical Plant, i-Fudan University, kanye ne-Beijing General Institute of Nonferrous Metals bahlanganyele ukuze baqale basebenzise inqubo yokushintshanisa i-ion yokukhipha ukuze inothise i-N263 nge-P204 futhi bakhiphe futhi bahlanze ukuze bathole ubumsulwa obungama-99.95%.i-yttrium oxide. Ngo-1970, i-P204 yasetshenziselwa ukucebisa i-N263 nokutholwai-yttrium oxidengobumsulwa obungaphezu kuka-99.99% ngokusebenzisa isizinda sesibili nokuhlanza.
Kusukela ngo-1967 kuya ku-1968, imboni yokuhlola ye-Jiangxi 801 Factory kanye ne-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute yahlanganyela ukutadisha ngempumelelo inqubo yokusebenzisa i-P204 extraction grouping - isizinda se-N263 ukuze kukhishwe i-yttrium oxide. Ngo-December 1968, a 3-ton/unyaka yi-yttrium oxideishabhu yokukhiqiza yakhiwa, ngobumsulwa obungama-99%.i-yttrium oxide.
Ngo-1972, ithimba labacwaningi lasungulwa yizinkampani ezine, okuhlanganisa i-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute, i-Jiangxi 806 Factory, i-Jiangxi Nonferrous Metallurgy Research Institute, kanye ne-Changsha Nonferrous Metallurgy Design Institute. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili yocwaningo oluhlanganyelwe e-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute, inqubo yokukhiphai-yttrium oxideukusebenzisa i-naphthenic acid njenge-extractant kanye notshwala obuxutshwe njenge-diluent kwacwaningwa ngempumelelo.
Ngo-1974, i-Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry yathola okokuqala ukuthi lapho ihlukaniswa.umhlaba ongavamileizakhi zisebenzisa i-naphthenic acid extract,i-yttriumyayiphambi kwei-lanthanum, okuyenza ibe isici esincane esikhipheka kalula ezakhini zomhlaba ezingavamile. Ngakho-ke, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisai-yttrium oxidekusetshenziswa i-naphthenic acid extraction kusuka ohlelweni lwe-nitric acid kwahlongozwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute yenza ucwaningo ngokuhlukaniswa kwei-yttrium oxidekusuka ezinhlelweni ze-hydrochloric acid zisebenzisa i-naphthenic acid, kanye nokuhlolwa okwandisiwe kwenziwa eNanchang 603 Plant naseJiujiang 806 Plant ngo-1975, kusetshenziswa i-Longnan exubile.i-oxide yomhlaba engavamilenjengempahla eluhlaza. Ngo-1974, iShanghai Yuelong Chemical Plant, iFudan University, kanye neBeijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute babambisana ukutadisha ukuhlukaniswa kwei-yttrium oxide from monazite The mixedumhlaba ongavamilekwabansundui-yttriumi-columbium ore isebenzisa i-heavyumhlaba ongavamileikhishwe futhi iqoqwe yi-P204 njengempahla eluhlaza, futhii-yttrium oxidI-e ihlukaniswa ngokukhipha i-naphthenic acid. Umncintiswano wobungani wenziwa emikhakheni emithathu, lapho wonke umuntu eshintshana ngobuhlakani, wafunda emandleni nobuthakathaka bomunye nomunye, futhi ekugcineni wafunda ngempumelelo inqubo yokukhipha nokuhlukanisa i-naphthenic acid engu-99.99%.i-yttrium oxide enezici zesiShayina.
Kusukela ngo-1974 kuya ku-1975, i-Nanchang 603 Factory ibambisane ne-Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, i-Beijing General Institute of Non ferrous Metals, i-Jiangxi Institute of Non ferrous Metallurgy, namanye amayunithi ukutadisha ngempumelelo isizukulwane sesithathu.i-yttrium oxidinqubo ye-e extraction - i-naphthenic acid i-extraction yesinyathelo esisodwa kanye nokukhishwa kokuhlanzeka okuphezului-yttrium oxide. Lolu hlelo lwaqala ukusebenza ngo-1976.
Ekuqaleni kweNationalUmhlaba ongavamileI-Extraction Conference eyabanjelwe e-Baotou ngo-1976, uMnu. Xu Guangxian uhlongoze ithiyori yokukhishwa kwe-cascade. Ngo-1977, i-"National Symposium onUmhlaba ongavamileI-Extraction Cascade Theory and Practice” ibibanjelwe e-Shanghai Yuelong Chemical Plant, ihlinzeka ngesingeniso esihlelekile nesiphelele salo mbono. Kamuva, ithiyori yokukhipha i-cascade yasetshenziswa kabanzi ocwaningweni nasekukhiqizweni kokuhlukaniswa nokuhlanzwa kwesizinda somhlaba esiyivelakancane.
Ngo-1976, i-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute yasebenzisa insimbi ye-Baotou exutshwe nensimbi.umhlaba ongavamileukukhiphai-ceriumkusukela ezintweni ezinothile. Indlela yokukhipha i-N263 yasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisai-lanthanum i-praseodymium i-neodymium. Imikhiqizo emithathu yahlukaniswa endaweni eyodwa, kanye nokuhlanzeka kwei-lanthanum oxide, i-praseodymium oxide, futhii-neodymium oxidekwakungama-90%.
Kusukela ngo-1979 kuya ku-1983, e-BaotouUmhlaba ongavamileI-Research Institute kanye ne-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute bakha uhlelo lwe-P507 hydrochloric acidumhlaba ongavamileinqubo yokuhlukanisa isizinda usebenzisa i-Baotou ore yomhlaba engavamile njengempahla eluhlaza ukuze uthole eziyisithupha ezingashadileumhlaba ongavamileimikhiqizo (ukuhlanzeka 99% kuya 99.95%) ofi-lanthanum, i-cerium, i-praseodymium, i-neodymium, i-samarium, futhii-gadolinium, kanye neeuropiumfuthii-terbiumimikhiqizo enothile. Inqubo yayimfushane, iqhubekayo, futhi ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo kwakuphezulu.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, i-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute ibambisene ne-Jiujiang Nonferrous Metals Smelter, i-Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, kanye ne-Jiangxi 603 Factory ukwenza ucwaningo lukazwelonke lwe-“Sixth Five Year Plan” futhi yathuthukisa ngempumelelo inqubo yobuchwepheshe yokuhlukanisa ngokugcwele umuntu oyedwa.umhlaba ongavamileizakhi ezivela ku-Longnan ezixubileumhlaba ongavamileusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-P507 hydrochloric acid.
Ngo-1983, i-Jiujiang Nonferrous Metals Smelter yamukela ubuchwepheshe benqubo ye-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute "isistimu ye-naphthenic acid hydrochloric acid" ye-naphthenic acid hydrochloric acid ukuze ikhiqize ibanga le-fluorescent.i-yttrium oxidekusuka eLongnan kuxube umhlaba ongavamile” ukuze kukhiqizwe ibanga le-fluorescenti-yttrium oxide, ukunciphisa izindleko zei-yttrium oxidekanye nokuhlangabezana nesidingo sei-yttrium oxideyethelevishini yemibala e-China.
Ngo-1984, i-Beijing General Institute of Non ferrous Metals yafunda ngempumelelo ukuhlukaniswa kokuhlanzeka okuphezulu.i-terbium oxideusebenzisa i-P507 extraction resin usebenzisai-terbiumizinto ezicebile njengezinto zokusetshenziswa eChina.
Ngo-1985, i-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute yadlulisela i-naphthenic acid extraction separation grade fluorescent.i-yttrium oxideinqubo yobuchwepheshe eya endaweni yangaphambili yeDemocratic Republic yaseJalimane ngezigidi ezingu-1.71 zama-Swiss francs, okwakungowokuqalaumhlaba ongavamileubuchwepheshe benqubo yokuhlukanisa obuthunyelwa ngaphandle yi-China.
Kusukela ngo-1984 kuya ku-1986, iNyuvesi yasePeking yaqeda ukuhlolwa kwezimboni ekukhishweni nasekuhlukaniseni i-La/CePr/Nd kanye ne-La/Ce/Pr ohlelweni lwe-P507-HCl kwesesithathu.Umhlaba ongavamileIsitshalo se-Baosteel. Ngaphezu kuka-98%i-praseodymium oxide, 99.5%i-lanthanum oxide, ngaphezu kwama-85%i-cerium oxidekanye no-99%i-neodymium oxidezatholwa. Ngo-1986, i-Shanghai Yuelong Chemical Plant yasebenzisa ithiyori yokuklama yokwenza kahle yenqubo yokukhipha i-outlet, impumelelo engokwesayensi ye-Cascade extraction theory yase-Peking University, ukuze kuqhutshwe uhlolo lwezimboni lwezindawo ezintathu ohlelweni olusanda kwakhiwa lwe-P507-HCl inqubo yokuhlukanisa umhlaba. Isikali sokuhlolwa kwezimboni sandise ngokuqondile idizayini yethiyori yokukhipha i-cascade ukuze ibe amathani angu-100, okufinyeza kakhulu umjikelezo wokusebenzisa inqubo entsha ekukhiqizeni.
Kusukela ngo-1986 kuya ku-1989, i-Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute, i-Jiangxi 603 Factory, kanye ne-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute bathuthukise inqubo ye-P507-HCl yokukhipha ama-multi outlet, evumela ukukhiqizwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwemikhiqizo yomhlaba eyi-3-5 eyivelakancane ngokukhipha ingxenye eyodwa. Inqubo imfushane, iyonga, futhi iyavumelana nezimo.
Kusukela ngo-1990 kuya ku-1995, i-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute kanye ne-BaotouUmhlaba ongavamileI-Research Institute ibambisene ukwenza "Uhlelo Lweminyaka Eyisishagalombili Yeminyaka Emihlanu" iphrojekthi kazwelonke yocwaningo lwesayensi nobuchwepheshe "Ucwaningo Nge-High Purity SingleUmhlaba ongavamileI-Extraction Technology”. Ishumi nesithupha elilodwai-oxide yomhlaba engavamileimikhiqizo enobumsulwa obukhulu kuno-99.999% kuya ku-99.9999% yalungiswa kusetshenziswa indlela yokukhipha, indlela yokukhipha i-chromatography, indlela ye-redox, kanye nendlela yokushintshaniswa kwe-fiber chromatography, ngokulandelana. Lolu hlelo selufinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe futhi lwazuza Umklomelo Kazwelonke “WoHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu” Lwempumelelo Enkulu.
Ngo-2000, i-Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute yaphumelela ngempumelelo indlela yokunciphisa i-alkalinity ye-electrolytic ukuze kulungiswe ubumsulwa obuphezulu.i-europium oxide. Ngenxa yokugwema ukungcoliswa kwe-zinc powder emkhiqizweni, le nqubo ingakhiphai-europium oxidengobumsulwa be-5N-6N ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngo-2001, umugqa wokukhiqiza wonyaka wamathani ayi-18 wokuhlanzeka okuphezului-europium oxideyakhiwa eGansuUmhlaba ongavamileInkampani futhi yaqala ukusebenza ngalowo nyaka.
Kafushane, eChinaumhlaba ongavamileukuhlukaniswa nobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza kungashiwo ukuthi buhamba phambili emhlabeni, njengokuhlukaniswa kwe-naphthenic acid extraction ofi-yttrium oxideenkulu kune-5N, indlela yokukhipha i-P507 yokulungiselelai-lanthanum oxideenkulu kune-5N, indlela yokunciphisa i-electrolytic noma indlela ye-alkalinity yokulungiselelai-europium oxidekukhulu kune-5N, njll. Nokho, izinga lokulawula okuzenzakalelayo embonini yokuhlukanisa nokuhlanza liphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi amanye amabhizinisi anozinzo lwekhwalithi embi kanye nokungaguquguquki kokuhlanzeka okuphezulu.umhlaba ongavamileimikhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuthuthukiswe izinga lemishini yamabhizinisi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-02-2023