Izakhiwo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokulungiswa kwe-yttrium oxide

Isakhiwo sekristalu se-yttrium oxide

I-Yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) i-earth oxide emhlophe engavamile engancibiliki emanzini ne-alkali futhi inyibilika ku-asidi. Iwuhlobo oluvamile lwe-C-sesquioxide yomhlaba olungavamile olunesakhiwo se-cubic esigxile emzimbeni.

Ithebula lepharamitha ye-Crystal ye-Y₂O₃

I-Crystal Structure Diagram ye-Y₂O₃

Izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ze-yttrium oxide

(1) isisindo se-molar singama-225.82g/mol kanti ukuminyana kungu-5.01g/cm³;

(2) Iphuzu elincibilikayo 2410℃, iphoyinti lokubilisa 4300℃, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa;

(3) Ukuzinza okuhle ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle;

(4) I-thermal conductivity iphakeme, engafinyelela ku-27 W/(MK) ku-300K, okucishe kube kabili ukuqhutshwa kokushisa kwe-yttrium aluminium garnet (Y₃Al₅O₁₂), okuzuzisa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwayo njengendlela yokusebenza ye-laser;

(5) Ububanzi be-optical transparency bubanzi (0.29 ~ 8μm), futhi ukudluliswa kwethiyori endaweni ebonakalayo kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-80%;

(6) Amandla ephonon aphansi, futhi isiqongo esiqine kakhulu se-Raman spectrum sitholakala ku-377cm.^-1, okunenzuzo yokunciphisa amathuba okuguquguquka okungashisi imisebe kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya kokuguqula;

(7) Ngaphansi kuka-2200℃, Y₂O₃yisigaba se-cubic ngaphandle kwe-birefringence. Inkomba ye-refractive ingu-1.89 ku-wavelength ye-1050nm. Iguqulela esigabeni se-hexagonal ngaphezu kuka-2200℃;

(8) Igebe lamandla ka-Y₂O₃ibanzi kakhulu, ifinyelela ku-5.5eV, futhi ileveli yamandla yama-ion akhanyayo ayivelakancane ayi-doped aphakathi kwebhendi ye-valence nebhendi yokuqhuba ka-Y₂O₃futhi ngaphezu kwezinga lamandla e-Fermi, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe izikhungo ezikhanyayo zokukhanya.

(9)Y₂O₃, njengempahla ye-matrix, ingakwazi ukuthwala ukugcwala okuphezulu kwama-ion omhlaba angavamile futhi ithathele u-Y³⁺ions ngaphandle kokubangela izinguquko zesakhiwo.

Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-yttrium oxide

I-Yttrium oxide, njengento esebenzayo yokwengeza, isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yamandla e-athomu, i-aerospace, i-fluorescence, i-electronics, i-ceramics yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu nokunye ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba ezifana ne-dielectric constant, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle nokugqwala okuqinile. ukumelana.

Umthombo wesithombe: Inethiwekhi

I-1, Njengempahla ye-phosphor matrix, isetshenziswa emikhakheni yokubonisa, ukukhanyisa nokumaka;

I-2, Njengempahla ye-laser medium, i-ceramics ebonakalayo esebenza kahle kakhulu ingalungiswa, engasetshenziswa njengendlela yokusebenza ye-laser ukuze ibone ukuphuma kwe-laser yegumbi lokushisa;

3,Njengempahla ye-matrix ye-luminescent eguqukayo, isetshenziswa ekutholeni i-infrared, ilebula ye-fluorescence nezinye izinkambu;

I-4, Yenziwe kumaceramics asobala, angasetshenziselwa amalensi abonakalayo kanye ne-infrared, amashubhu akhipha igesi anomfutho ophezulu, ama-ceramic scintillators, amafasitela okubuka isithando somlilo esishisayo, njll.

I-5, Ingasetshenziswa njengesitsha sokusabela, izinto eziphikisana nokushisa okuphezulu, izinto eziphikisayo, njll.

I-6, Njengezinto zokusetshenziswa noma izithasiselo, zibuye zisetshenziswe kakhulu ezintweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokushisa, i-laser crystal materials, i-ceramics yesakhiwo, izinto ze-catalytic, i-ceramics ye-dielectric, ama-alloys asebenza kakhulu neminye imikhakha.

Indlela yokulungiselela i-yttrium oxide powder

Indlela yemvula yesigaba soketshezi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-oxide omhlaba ayivelakancane, afaka ikakhulukazi indlela ye-oxalate precipitation, indlela ye-ammonium bicarbonate precipitation, indlela ye-urea hydrolysis kanye nendlela ye-ammonia precipitation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-spray granulation nayo iyindlela yokulungiselela ebilokhu ikhathazwa kabanzi njengamanje. Indlela yemvula kasawoti

1. indlela yezulu ye-oxalate

I-oxide yomhlaba engavamile elungiselelwe indlela ye-oxalate precipitation inezinzuzo ze-high crystallization degree, ifomu elihle le-crystal, isivinini sokuhlunga okusheshayo, okuqukethwe kokungcola okuphansi nokusebenza okulula, okuyindlela evamile yokulungiselela ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kwe-oxide yomhlaba engavamile ekukhiqizeni izimboni.

Indlela ye-ammonium bicarbonate precipitation

2. Indlela ye-Ammonium bicarbonate precipitation

I-Ammonium bicarbonate iyi-precipitant eshibhile. Esikhathini esedlule, abantu babevame ukusebenzisa indlela ye-ammonium bicarbonate precipitation ukuze balungise i-carbonate yomhlaba exubile ephuma kusixazululo se-leaching yensimbi engavamile yomhlaba. Njengamanje, ama-earth oxides angavamile alungiswa nge-ammonium bicarbonate precipitation method embonini. Ngokuvamile, indlela ye-ammonium bicarbonate precipitation iwukwengeza okuqinile kwe-ammonium bicarbonate noma isisombululo kwisisombululo se-chloride yomhlaba engavamile ezingeni lokushisa elithile, Ngemva kokuguga, ukugeza, ukomiswa nokushiswa, i-oxide iyatholakala. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamabhamuza akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuna kwe-ammonium bicarbonate kanye nenani le-pH elingazinzile phakathi nokusabela kwemvula, izinga le-nucleation liyashesha noma lihamba kancane, elingahambisani nokukhula kwekristalu. Ukuze uthole i-oxide enobukhulu bezinhlayiyana ekahle kanye ne-morphology, izimo zokusabela kufanele zilawulwe ngokuqinile.

3. Ukuna kwe-urea

Indlela ye-urea precipitation isetshenziswa kabanzi ekulungiseni i-rare earth oxide, engashibhile nje kuphela futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa futhi inamandla okufinyelela ukulawula okunembile kwe-nucleation eyandulelayo kanye nokukhula kwezinhlayiya, ngakho-ke indlela ye-urea precipitation iye yakhanga abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe. wathandeka futhi waheha ukunakwa nokucwaninga okubanzi kosolwazi abaningi njengamanje.

4. Futha imbudumbudu

Ubuchwepheshe be-spray granulation bunezinzuzo zokuzenzakalela okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yempushana eluhlaza, ngakho-ke i-spray granulation isiphenduke indlela evame ukusetshenziswa ye-powder granulation.

Eminyakeni yamuva, ukusetshenziswa komhlaba ongavamile emikhakheni yendabuko akukashintshi ngokuyisisekelo, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezintweni ezintsha kuye kwanda ngokusobala. Njengento entsha, i-nano Y₂O₃inenkambu yohlelo lokusebenza ebanzi. Namuhla, kunezindlela eziningi zokulungiselela i-nano Y₂O₃izinto zokwakha, ezingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezintathu: indlela yesigaba se-liquid, indlela yesigaba segesi kanye nendlela yesigaba esiqinile, phakathi kwayo indlela yesigaba se-liquid isetshenziswa kakhulu.Zihlukaniswa zibe i-spray pyrolysis, i-hydrothermal synthesis, i-microemulsion, i-sol-gel, i-combustion. synthesis kanye nemvula. Kodwa-ke, i-spheroidized yttrium oxide nanoparticles izoba nendawo ethile ephezulu, amandla angaphezulu, uketshezi olungcono kanye nokuhlakazeka, okufanele kugxile kukho.