I-Magic Rare Earth Earlement: "INKOSI YOKUZIPHATHA KAKHULU" -NEODYMIUM

I-Bastnasite

I-Neodymium, inombolo ye-athomu 60, isisindo se-athomu 144.24, ngokuqukethwe okungu-0.00239% ku-crust, ikakhulukazi kutholakala eMonashite naseBastnaesite. Kune-isotopes eyisikhombisa yeNeodymium yemvelo: I-NEODYMIUM 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148 no-148, phakathi kwayo i-neodymium 142 inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu. Ngokuzalwa kwePrafeDodymium, uNeodymium waba khona. Ukufika kweNeodyimu kusebenze insimu yaseMhlabeni eyiRare futhi kwadlala indima ebalulekile kuyo. Futhi kuthonya imakethe yomhlaba engavamile.

Ukutholwa kweNeodymium

UKarl Orvon Welsbach (1858-1929), ukutholwa kweNeodymium

Ngo-1885, isazi samakhemikhali sase-Austrian uCarl Orvon Welsbach Carl Auer von Wessbach uthole iNeodymium eVienna. Uhlukanise ne-neodymium kanye ne-praceodymium kusuka ezintweni ezihambelana ne-neodymium ngokuhlukanisa kanye ne-crystalliting ammonium nitrate tetrahydrate from nitric nitrate tetrahydrate from nitric Nitrate Tetrahydrate fried nitric, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ahlukaniswe ngefomu elimsulwa kuze kube ngu-1925.

Kusukela ngo-1950s, i-neodymium ephezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-99%) yayitholwa inqubo ye-Ion Exchange yeMonashite. Insimbi ngokwayo itholwa nge-electrolyzing usawoti wayo we-halide. Njengamanje, iningi le-neodymium likhishwa kusuka ku- (CE, LA, ND, PR) CO3F eBasta NATHANITE futhi lihlanjululwe ngokukhishwa kwe-solvent. I-ION Exchange Permification Reserve enobumsulwa obuphakeme kakhulu (imvamisa> 99.99%) ukulungiselela ukulungiswa kwe-pranedyodymium, okwenziwe nge-neodymium yombala onsomi kanye nethoni elibomvu noma le-orange imibala ebomvu kunenguqulo ebomvu noma ye-orange yombala kune-purler

Metal Metal

I-Metallic Neodymium ine-light metallic turtallic luster, iphuzu elincibilikayo le-1024 ° C, ubuningi be-7.004 g / cm, kanye ne-paramagnetism. I-Needmium ingenye yezinsimbi zomhlaba ezingandile kunazo zonke zomhlaba, ezisheshe futhi zimnyama emoyeni, bese zibeka isendlalelo se-oxide bese siphuma, siveza insimbi ukuze siphumelele i-oxifation. Ngakho-ke, isampula ye-neodymium enosayizi wesentimitha eyodwa ixutshwe ngokuphelele kungakapheli unyaka owodwa. Iphendula kancane emanzini abandayo futhi ngokushesha emanzini ashisayo.

Ukucushwa kwe-elekthronikhi yeNeodymium

Ukucushwa kwe-elekthronikhi:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3D10 4p6 5S2 4D10 5p6 6s2 4F4

Ukusebenza kwe-laser kweNeodymium kubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwama-aclemans we-4F orbital phakathi kwamazinga ahlukene wamandla. Le ndaba ye-laser isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokuxhumana, ukugcinwa kolwazi, ukwelashwa ngemishini, njll.

Ukusetshenziswa kweNeodymium

Umsebenzisi omkhulu kakhulu weNeodymium yi-NDFEB unomphela wezinto zozibuthe. UMagnet we-NDFEB ubizelwe "inkosi yama-magnets anaphakade" ngenxa yomkhiqizo wayo ophakeme wamandla kazibuthe. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi kwe-elekthronikhi, imishini kanye nezinye izimboni zokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu. Udonga lukaFrancis, uprofesa wokufaka izimayini eCumberland School of Mining, University of Exeter, UK, uthe:

I-Neodymium Magnet ku-hard disk

I-Needymium ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ubuciko, ingilazi ebubende ekhanyayo, i-ruby yokufakelwa e-laser nengilazi ekhethekile engahlunga imisebe ye-infrared. Kusetshenziswe kanye ne-PraceOdymium ukwenza ama-goggles ama-cloowers engilazi.

Ukungeza i-1.5% ~ 2.5% nano neodymium oxide ku-Magnesium noma i-Aluminium Alloy ingathuthukisa ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukuqina komoya nokuphikiswa kokugqwala kwe-alloy, futhi kusetshenziswa kabanzi njengezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-aerospace ze-airAis.

I-Nano-YTtrium Aluminium Garnet idonswe nge-nano-neodymium oxide ikhiqiza ugongolo lwe-waser emunca, olusetshenziselwa ukufudumeza nokusika izinto ezincanyana ezinobukhulu ngaphansi kwe-10mm embonini.

I-ND: I-Yag Laser Rod

Ekwelashwa kwezokwelapha, i-nano yttrium aluminium garnet laser idonswe nge-nano neodymium oxide isetshenziselwa ukususa amanxeba okuvimbela noma amabhulokhi amagciwane esikhundleni semimese yokuhlinza.

Ingilazi ye-NeedyMium yenziwa ngokungeza i-Needymium oxide kwingilazi ukuncibilika. ILavender ivame ukuvela ngengilazi ye-neodymium ngaphansi kwelanga noma isibani se-incandescent, kepha ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuvela ngaphansi kokukhanya kwesibani se-fluorescent. I-Needymium ingasetshenziswa ukufaka imibala yezithunzi ezintekenteke ezifana ne-violet emsulwa, ebomvu yewayini nompunga ofudumele.

ingilazi ye-neodymium

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda nokwandiswa kweRare Earth Science neTekhnoloji, iNeodymium izoba nendawo ebanzi yokusebenzisa