Izinto zomhlaba ezingavamile zifakauhlobo linthanum(La),umrintshi(CE),I-PraseOdDODYIUM(Pr),needymium(ND), i-Promethium (PM),iSamurium(SM),indlu yokuhlala yokungenayogugu(Eu),igadiki(GD),i-terbium(TB),dysprosium(Dy),IHolmium(Ho),umphetho(Er),Thululium(Tm),yterterbium(Yb),lutetium(Lu),ikhentiyamu(SC), futhiytttrium(Y). Igama lesiNgisiUmhlaba ongavamile.Umhlaba ongavamileIzinsimbi zivame ukuthambekela, zingenamkhawulo, futhi zingenamqondo, futhi zikhombise ukusebenza ngokuqinile njengamapondo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Leli qembu lezinsimbi linomsebenzi wamakhemikhali aqinile futhi linobudlelwano obuqinile kwe-hydrogen, ikhabhoni, i-nitrogen, umoya-mpilo, isibabule, phosphorus, kanye nama-halogens. Angoxiwa kalula emoyeni, futhi esindayoimihlaba engavamileingakha isendlalelo esivikela i-oxidation ebusweni beikhentiyamuna-ytttriumemazingeni okushisa ekamelo. Ngakho-ke,izinsimbi zomhlaba ezingandilengokuvamile zigcinwe ku-elerafini noma ezitsheni ezivalekile ezigcwele igesi ye-vacuum ne-argon.Umhlaba ongavamileIzinto zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: ukukhanyaUmhlaba ongavamilefuthi esindayoUmhlaba ongavamile, ikakhulukazi ekhona ngesimo seI-Rare Earth Oxides. I-China, eRussia, i-United States, i-Australia namanye amazwe banezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu zeUmhlaba ongavamileh Izinsizakusebenza emhlabeni.Umhlaba ongavamileIsetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emasimini afana ne-petroleum, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, i-metallurgy, izindwangu, ingilazi ye-ceramic, izinto ze-monosodium ezingapheli, njll. Ziyaziwa ngokuthi izinsizakusebenza ezintsha ze-monosodium ", futhi" ziyigugu lezinsizakusebenza zensimbi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-03-2023