Ukukhishwa, ukulungiswa kanye nokugcinwa okuphephile kwei-gadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃)yizici ezibalulekile zokucutshungulwa kwezakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile. Okulandelayo incazelo enemininingwane:
一, Indlela yokukhipha i-gadolinium oxide
I-Gadolinium oxide ivamise ukukhishwa ezinsimbini ezingavamile zomhlaba eziqukethe i-gadolinium, ama-ore avamile ahlanganisa i-monazite ne-bastnäsite. Inqubo yokukhipha ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
1. Ukubola kwe-ore:
I-ore yomhlaba engavamile iboliswa nge-asidi noma indlela ye-alkaline.
Indlela ye-Acid: Phatha insimbi nge-sulfuric acid egxilile noma i-hydrochloric acid ukuze uguqule izakhi zomhlaba eziyivelakancane zibe usawoti oncibilikayo.
Indlela ye-alkaline: Sebenzisa i-sodium hydroxide noma i-potassium hydroxide ukuze uncibilikise insimbi ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze uguqule izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile zibe ama-hydroxides.
2.Ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba okungajwayelekile:
Hlukanisa i-gadolinium ezixazululweni zomhlaba ezingavamile ezixubile ngokukhipha i-solvent noma ukushintshanisa i-ion.
Indlela yokukhipha i-solvent: Sebenzisa izincibilikisi zemvelo (njenge-tributyl phosphate) ukuze ukhethe ngokukhetha ama-ion e-gadolinium.
Indlela yokushintshanisa ion: Sebenzisa i-ion exchange resin ukuze uhlukanise i-gadolinium ions.
3. Ukuhlanzwa kwe-gadolinium:
Ngokukhipha okuningi noma ukushintshaniswa kwe-ion, ezinye izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile kanye nokungcola kuyasuswa ukuze kutholwe izinhlanganisela ze-gadolinium zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu (njenge-gadolinium chloride noma i-gadolinium nitrate).
4.Ukuguqulwa ku-gadolinium oxide:
Inhlanganisela ye-gadolinium ehlanzekile (njenge-gadolinium nitrate noma i-gadolinium oxalate) ibalwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze ibole futhi ikhiqize i-gadolinium oxide.
Isibonelo sokusabela: 2 Gd(NO₃)₃ → Gd₂O₃ + 6 NO₂ + 3/2 O₂
二、Ukulungiselela indlela ye-gadolinium oxide
1.Indlela yokubala izinga lokushisa eliphezulu:
I-Calcine gadolinium salts (njenge-gadolinium nitrate, i-gadolinium oxalate noma i-gadolinium carbonate) emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-800°C) ukuze ibole futhi ikhiqize i-gadolinium oxide.
Lena indlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokulungiselela futhi ilungele ukukhiqizwa okukhulu.
2.Indlela yeHydrothermal:
I-Gadolinium oxide nanoparticles ikhiqizwa ngokuphendula usawoti we-gadolinium ngezixazululo ze-alkaline ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezimo ezicindezelayo ze-hydrothermal.
Le ndlela ingalungisa i-high-purity gadolinium oxide enosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezifanayo.
3. Indlela ye-Sol-gel:
Usawoti we-Gadolinium uxutshwa nama-precursors e-organic (njenge-citric acid) ukuze kwakheke i-sol, ebuye ifakwe i-gel, yomiswe futhi ifakwe i-calcined ukuze kutholakale i-gadolinium oxide.
Le ndlela ilungele ukulungiselela i-nano-scale gadolinium oxide powder.
三、 Izimo eziphephile zokugcina i-gadolinium oxide
I-Gadolinium oxide izinzile uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lokushisa legumbi, kodwa izimo zokugcina ezilandelayo kufanele ziqashelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kwempahla:
1.Ukuvikela umswakama:
I-Gadolinium oxide inezinga elithile le-hygroscopicity futhi kufanele igcinwe endaweni eyomile ukuze igweme ukuthintana nomswakama.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa isitsha esivaliwe futhi wengeze i-desiccant (njenge-silica gel).
2.Ubufakazi bokukhanya:
I-Gadolinium oxide iyazwela ekukhanyeni, futhi ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ekukhanyeni okunamandla kungase kuthinte ukusebenza kwayo.
Kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile, emnyama.
3. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa:
Ukushisa kwesitoreji kufanele kulawulwe ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa legumbi (15-25 ° C), ukugwema izindawo zokushisa eziphakeme noma eziphansi.
Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lingabangela izinguquko zesakhiwo ku-gadolinium oxide, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphansi lingabangela i-hygroscopicity.
4.Gwema ukuthintana ne-asidi:
I-Gadolinium oxide iyi-alkaline oxide futhi izosabela ngobudlova ne-asidi.
Gcina kude nezinto ezine-acidic ngesikhathi sokugcina.
5.Vimbela uthuli:
I-Gadolinium oxide powder ingase icasule umgudu wokuphefumula kanye nesikhumba.
Sebenzisa iziqukathi ezivaliwe lapho ugcina futhi ugqoka izinto zokuzivikela (njengamaski namagilavu) lapho uphatha.
IV. Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
1.Ubuthi:I-Gadolinium oxide ngokwayo inobuthi obuphansi, kodwa uthuli lwayo lungase lucasule umgudu wokuphefumula kanye nesikhumba, ngakho ukuthintana okuqondile kufanele kugwenywe.
2.Ukulahlwa kukadoti:Imfucuza ye-gadolinium oxide kufanele igaywe kabusha noma ilashwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokuphatha amakhemikhali ayingozi ukuze kugwenywe ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zindlela ezingenhla zokukhipha, ukulungisa nokugcina, i-gadolinium oxide yekhwalithi ephezulu ingatholakala ngokuphumelelayo nangokuphepha ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zayo emkhakheni wezinto ezibonakalayo kazibuthe, amadivaysi optical, imaging yezokwelapha, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-28-2025