Indlela ye-oxidation yomoya iyindlela ye-oxidation esebenzisa i-oxygen emoyeni ukuze i-oxidizei-ceriumukuze i-tetravalent ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Le ndlela ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukugazinga kwe-fluorocarbon cerium ore, i-earth oxalates engavamile, nama-carbonates emoyeni (okwaziwa ngokuthi i-roasting oxidation) noma ukugazinga ama-hydroxides omhlaba angavamile (i-oxidation yomoya owomile) noma ukwethulwa komoya ku-earth hydroxides slurry (i-oxidation yomoya emanzi) ukuze uthole i-oxidation.
1. Ukuwoswa kwe-oxidation
Ukugazinga i-fluorocarbon cerium concentrate emoyeni ku-500 ℃ noma ukugazinga umhlaba ongavamile we-Baiyunebo ne-sodium carbonate emoyeni ku-600-700 ℃. Ngesikhathi sokubola kwamaminerali omhlaba angavamile, i-cerium kumaminerali i-oxidized ibe yi-tetravalent. Izindlela zokuhlukanisai-ceriumkusuka emikhiqizweni e-calcined ihlanganisa indlela engavamile yomhlaba sulfate usawoti ophindwe kabili, indlela yokukhipha i-solvent, njll.
Ngaphezu kokuwugazinga kwe-oxidationumhlaba ongavamileukugxilisa ingqondo, usawoti onjenge-oxalate yomhlaba engavamile kanye ne-carbonate yomhlaba engavamile abola emoyeni, futhi i-cerium i-oxidized ku-CeO2. Ukuqinisekisa ukuncibilika okuhle kwengxube ye-oxide yomhlaba engavamile etholwe ngokugazinga, izinga lokushisa lokuthosa akufanele libe phezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-700 no-800 ℃. Ama-oksidi angancibilika ku-1-1.5mol/L isixazululo se-sulfuric acid noma isixazululo esingu-4-5mol/L se-nitric acid. Lapho i-leaching ore egazingiwe nge-sulfuric acid ne-nitric acid, i-cerium ingena kakhulu esixazululo ngendlela ye-tetravalent. Okwangaphambili kuhilela ukuthola isisombululo se-earth sulfate engavamile esiqukethe i-50g/L REO cishe ku-45 ℃, bese sikhiqiza i-cerium dioxide kusetshenziswa indlela yokukhipha i-P204; Lokhu kokugcina kuhilela ukulungisa isixazululo se-nitrate yomhlaba engavamile esiqukethe i-REO engu-150-200g/L ezingeni lokushisa elingu-80-85 ℃, bese usebenzisa i-TBP yokukhipha ukuhlukanisa i-cerium.
Lapho ama-oxide omhlaba angavamile encibilika nge-dilute sulfuric acid noma i-nitric acid, i-CeO2 ayincibiliki. Ngakho-ke, inani elincane le-hydrofluoric acid lidinga ukungezwa kwisixazululo njenge-catalyst esigabeni sakamuva sokuqedwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunyibilika kwe-CeO2.
2. I-oxidation yomoya owomile
Beka i-hydroxide yomhlaba engavamile esithandweni somisa futhi uyifake ngaphansi kwezimo zomoya ku-100-120 ℃ amahora angu-16-24. Ukusabela kwe-oxidation imi kanje:
4Ce(OH)3+O2+2H2O=4Ce(OH)4
Izinga le-oxidation le-cerium lingafinyelela ku-97%. Uma izinga lokushisa le-oxidation liqhubeka likhuphuka libe ngu-140 ℃, isikhathi se-oxidation singafinyezwa sibe amahora angu-4-6, futhi izinga le-oxidation le-cerium lingafinyelela ku-97% ~ 98%. Inqubo ye-oxidation yomoya owomile ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lothuli nezimo zokusebenza ezimbi, okwamanje ezisetshenziswa kakhulu elabhorethri.
3. I-atmospheric wet air oxidation
Xuba i-hydroxide yomhlaba engavamile namanzi ukuze wenze udaka, lawula ukugxila kwe-REO ku-50-70g/L, engeza i-NaOH ukuze ukhuphule i-alkalinity ye-slurry ibe ku-0.15-0.30mol/L, futhi lapho ishiselwa ku-85 ℃, yethula umoya ngokuqondile i-oxidize yonke i-cerium e-trivalent ku-slurry kuya ku-tetravalent cerium. Ngesikhathi senqubo ye-oxidation, ukuhwamuka kwamanzi kukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke inani elithile lamanzi kufanele lengezwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuze kugcinwe ukuhlushwa okuzinzile komhlaba ongavamile. Uma i-40L ye-slurry i-oxidized ku-batch ngayinye, isikhathi se-oxidation singamahora angu-4-5, futhi izinga le-oxidation le-cerium lingafinyelela ku-98%. Lapho i-8m3 ye-hydroxide slurry yomhlaba engavamile i-oxidized isikhathi ngasinye, izinga lokugeleza komoya liyi-8-12m3/min, futhi isikhathi se-oxidation sikhuphuka sibe ngu-15h, izinga le-oxidation le-cerium lingafinyelela ku-97% ~ 98%.
Izici zendlela ye-atmospheric wet air oxidation yilezi: izinga eliphezulu le-oxidation ye-cerium, ukuphuma okukhulu, izimo zokusebenza ezinhle, ukusebenza okulula, futhi le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa embonini ukukhiqiza i-cerium dioxide engahluziwe.
4. I-pressurized wet air oxidation
Ngaphansi kwengcindezi evamile, i-air oxidation ithatha isikhathi eside, futhi abantu bafinyeza isikhathi se-oxidation ngokusebenzisa ingcindezi. Ukwanda komfutho womoya, okungukuthi, ukwanda komfutho wengxenye ye-oksijini ohlelweni, kuhambisana nokuqedwa komoya-mpilo esixazululweni kanye nokusakazwa komoya-mpilo endaweni yokusabalalisa izinhlayiya ze-hydroxide zomhlaba ezingavamile, ngaleyo ndlela kusheshiswe inqubo ye-oxidation.
Xuba i-earth hydroxide engavamile namanzi ibe cishe ku-60g/L, lungisa i-pH ibe ngu-13 ne-sodium hydroxide, ukhuphule izinga lokushisa libe cishe ku-80 ℃, wethula umoya ukuze uthole i-oxidation, lawula ukucindezela ku-0.4MPa, futhi oxidize ihora elingu-1. Izinga le-oxidation le-cerium lingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-95%. Emkhiqizweni wangempela, i-oxidation eluhlaza i-hydroxide yomhlaba engavamile itholakala ngokuguqulwa kwe-alkali ngokuna kwemvula kasawoti oyinkimbinkimbi we-sodium sulfate. Ukuze kufinyezwe inqubo, ukuna kwemvula kasawoti oyinkimbinkimbi we-sodium sulfate eyinkimbinkimbi yomhlaba kanye nesisombululo se-alkaline kungangezwa ethangini le-oxidation elicindezelwe, kugcinwe ingcindezi ethile kanye nezinga lokushisa. Umoya noma umoya-mpilo ocebile ungethulwa ukuze uguqule umhlaba ongavamile kusawoti oyinkimbinkimbi ube ama-hydroxides omhlaba angavamile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Ce (OH) 3 kuwo ingafakwa i-oxidized ku-Ce (OH) 4.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezelayo, izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-alkali kasawoti oyinkimbinkimbi, izinga le-oxidation le-cerium, nezinga le-oxidation le-cerium konke kuyathuthukiswa. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-45 yokusabela, izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-alkali kasawoti kabili kanye nezinga le-oxidation le-cerium lifinyelele ngaphezu kwama-96%.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-09-2023